Potosi, Bolivia, 10 soles-sized monetary medal, 1825, Bolivar, NGC AU details / reverse scratched. Burnett-3A1; Fonrobert-9464. 42mm; 38 grams. Obverse with military portrait of Bolivar facing right inside legend SIMON BOLIVAR LIBERTADOR DE COLOMBIA Y DEL PERU .; reverse with Cerro de Potosí with city at base and radiant sunface above within legend POTOSI MANIFIESTA SU GRATITUD AL GENIO DE LA LIBERTAD . 1825. Die-variety with vertical sun ray under T of GRATITUD (incorrectly labeled by NGC as Fonrobert-9465, which is another variety). Attractively toned with sharp details and nice contrast, a few heavier scratches on reverse but also with hairlines on obverse, none of which detract from the patent beauty of this piece without magnification. Please use this link to verify the certification number

British Guiana, silver medal, Victoria, no date (ca. 1871), local exhibition award, by J.S. and A.B. Wyon, engraved with date on edge to recipient, NGC MS 61. 38 mm. Obverse with crowned and veiled bust facing left with legend VICTORIA / REGINA; reverse with sailing ship and another in background above DAMUS PETIMUSQUE / VICISSIM ("We give and take in return," the colony's motto), all within decorated border with crown at top inside legend BRITISH GUIANA / LOCAL EXHIBITION; edge engraved with recipient's name PIETER VAN EEDEN and 1871 date. Choice peacock toning, especially on the reverse and around the high-relief details, the fields lightly hairlined but overall rather choice and apparently very rare, quite superior to the only other one we can trace (Rudman-Stack's Bowers-DNW-Plante), possibly finest known. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Colombia (Venezuela), large silver medal, dated 1828 (struck 1829), Bolivar saved from assassination, rare, NGC AU 58. Urdaneta Braschi-I.A.12. 41.47 grams; 44mm. Obverse with Bolivar bust right atop a pedestal; reverse with all-seeing eye in radiant pyramid above L.D.P. / SALVO LA VIDA / DEL LIBERTADOR / SIMON BOLIVAR / LA NOCHA DEL 25. DE SEP. / DE 1828. A rare and important medal, reportedly two of which were made in gold and originally ten in silver but probably ten to fifteen more exist, most cleaned or damaged, hence this straight-graded AU 58 example is very rare. Until recently, this famous medal (nicknamed "septembrina" because the assassination attempt was in September) was thought to have been made in Venezuela (as the NGC label states), but a presentation by Carlos Bacalao at the 2019 NUMISCOL convention in Bogota revealed that it was actually made in Colombia, and its dies are housed in the Museo Nacional de Bogota. Also, as a series of soon-to-be published articles will show, the meaning of L.D.P. has been linked to a Masonic lodge (note the all-seeing eye in radiant pyramid) instead of standing for "La Divina Providencia" or Bolivar's aide, L.D. Palacios. Nicely toned over lightly hairlined surfaces, no major marks or flaws save for a slight buckle to left of Bolivar. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Colombia (struck in Italy), large silver medal, 1846, Inauguration of the statue of Simon Bolivar in the Plaza Mayor (now Plaza Bolivar) in Bogota / Bolivar freeing slaves, by Tenerani, NGC UNC details / cleaned. Fonrobert-8106; Urdaneta Braschi-I.B.2. 57.59 grams; 48mm. Obverse with standing Bolivar in high relief on pedestal (showing AL LIBERTADOR) between AMICI-TIAE / MONV-MENTVM within legend SIMONI BOLIVAR LIBERATORI, signed at bottom by creator ("INV") TENERANI and maker ("FECIT") C. VOIGT; reverse with standing Bolivar at right with kneeling male slave at his feet in front of female slave holding suckling infant within legend SERVITVTIS to left and ABROGATIO to right, E BOGOTANO SIM. BOLIVAR / MONVMENTO / MDCCCXXXXVI [1846] in exergue. Attractive and important medal in choice UNC condition with rainbow toning over luster throughout, some light markings and hairlines as usual. Another example, donated by Joseph Lasser, can be found in the Colonial Williamsburg collection. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Quito, Ecuador (Potosi, Bolivia), oval silver medal, no date (ca. 1825), Bolivar / to the Liberators of Quito (Battle of Pichincha, May 22, 1822), rare, NGC UNC details / obv tooled. Fonrobert-8330. 41x35mm. Obverse with uniformed Bolivar standing atop a scaffolding of cannons and flags above POTOSI. with the Cerro de Potosi and radiant sun in background, legend PREMIO ALA / APLICATION; reverse with A LOS / LIBERTA / DORES / DE QUITO inside cornucopiae and flags below a sunface with caduceus at bottom, all within decorated border. A muling of issues for Ayacucho (Potosi) and Pichincha (Quito), listed in Fonrobert but missing in Derman (Cayon auction of December 2007) and no other examples seen in recent auctions. Brilliant white with non-toned luster, some hairlines on fields but also with a series of scratches (called "tooling" by NGC who also call this an "application award" due to a strict translation of the wording, in actuality more of a military medal for merit) below the caduceus. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Great Britain, cast silver Carib War combatant's medal, George III, 1773, by G.M. Moser, with original suspension loop and ribbon. Eimer-750; Betts-529. 58.36 grams; 52 mm. Obverse with bust facing right under legend GEORGIVS. III. M B. REX; reverse with Britannia standing with shield and offering olive branch to defeated Carib, whose musket lies at his feet, under legend PEACE AND PROSPERITY TO ST. VINCENTS, date MDCCLXXIII in exergue. The politically unpopular First Carib War (1769-73) pitted the Carib natives of St. Vincent against the British military defending colonists and ended in a stalemate and peace agreement allowing the Caribs to keep the windward side of the island.

Great Britain (struck at the Soho Mint in Birmingham), bronze medal, 1798, Rear-Admiral Nelson / Victory of the Nile, by C.H. Kuechler. Eimer-890; BHM-447; Bucket-890. 40.18 grams; 48 mm. Obverse with facing Hope, head left, standing on a rocky promontory and holding an olive branch and shield bearing the left-facing bust of Rear Admiral Horatio Nelson within EUROPE'S HOPE AND BRITAIN'S GLORY, anchor flukes to right, all inside legend REAR-ADMIRAL LORD NELSON OF THE NILE.; reverse with British fleet assembled in Aboukir Bay, preparing to engage the French, within legend ALMIGHTY GOD HAS BLESSED HIS MAJESTY'S ARMS., with M.B.SOBO / C.H.KUCHLER.FEC on exergue line above VICTORY OF THE NILE / AUGUST 1.1798; edge with A TRIBUTE OF REGARD. FROM ALEXR. DAVISON ESQR. ST. JAMES'S SQUARE. AU details with light rainbow toning over faint surface hairlines. The Battle of Aboukir Bay was a major victory for the British and gave them control of the Mediterranean by containing Napoleon and his army in Egypt. Bronze examples like this one were given to the British seamen and marines who took part in the battle.

Great Britain, silver-plated bronze medal, dated 1801 (struck ca. 1820), Major General Lord Hutchinson / Egypt Delivered, by T. Webb and A. Dupre. Eimer-934; BHM-509; Mudie-9. 35.94 grams; 41 mm. Obverse with uniformed bust half left, WEBB.F. on shoulder truncation, within legend MAJOR GEN. LORD HUTCHINSON; reverse with Hutchinson standing, at right, receiving Peace Treaty from the Bey of Egypt, who holds the bridle of a rearing horse, with EGYPT DELIVERED above and SEPT II MDCCCI below, DUPRE F and MUDIE D at bottom rim. Choice AU with very light rainbow toning in spots, muted luster in fairly clean fields. Upon the final surrender of French troops at Alexandria on September 2, 1801, Major General John Hely-Hutchinson ended the French campaign in Egypt, and it is at this time that the British seized the famous Rosetta Stone that resides in the British Museum today.

Lot withdrawn.

Great Britain, medium-sized copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, (ca. 1739), Vernon / Satan and Walpole, ex-Adams (Plate). AC-NLv6E. 8.63 grams; 30 mm. Matte, dark-olive UNC without any marks or wear, rated scarce in AC, apparently the only version of this "Satan" reverse in a small diameter. XRF: 43.31% copper, 49.31% zinc, 5.31% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 40 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, (ca. 1739), Vernon and Brown / Satan and Walpole, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-NLv8G. 12.57 grams; 37 mm. Nice XF+ in dark bronze color, with very light X scratch between heads of Satan and Walpole but no other damage. XRF: 58.31% copper, 35.42% zinc, 4.93% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, (ca. 1739), Vernon and Brown / Argyll, rare, ex-Adams, ex-Chao, ex-Ferrari. AC-NLv9F. 11.35 grams; 37 mm. With engraver's name I:GILES in exergue, XF with bright brassy surfaces, no damage, rated rare in AC, which also says: "Only specimen seen appears to have been cast and, in any event, crumbled gilding makes the details tenuous," no doubt in reference to the plated example from the National Maritime Museum, although Adams' example here also appears cast and gilt, the latter belied by XRF results. XRF: 44.61% copper, 50.08% zinc, 3.02% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), the Fernando Chao Collection, and the Jorge Ferrari Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, (ca. 1739), Argyll / Satan and Walpole, ex-Adams, ex-Phillips. AC-NLa1A. 11.09 grams; 38 mm. Dark bronze color, bold AU- with traces of minor die-rust here and there. XRF: 62.97% copper, 29.96% zinc, 4.77% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the M.B. Phillips Collection (Melnick auction of February 1983, lot 1220).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, arms / Porto Bello, rare, ex-Adams. AC-PB2B. 13.87 grams; 40 mm. Dark brown XF with hints of luster but also some die-rust around details, rated rare in AC. XRF: 61.69% copper, 28.54% zinc, 5.69% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, arms / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PB2D. 16.21 grams; 40 mm. Light bronze color, AXF for wear. XRF: 37.56% copper, 54.68% zinc, 4.72% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, small copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBv5D. 5.42 grams; 27 mm. Choice AU+ with original luster and color on fields and around details for an almost prooflike effect, rated scarce in AC. XRF: 39.72% copper, 53.05% zinc, 5.83% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 54 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao, acquired from Jim King in June 1984.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBv10H. 21.09 grams; 38 mm. AU with traces of mint luster and original color, especially on the stippled-field obverse, the reverse darker, one minor rim-chip (as made?). XRF: 40.15% copper, 54.15% zinc, 3.63% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 57 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, small copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBv16M. 5.12 grams; 27 mm. Dark AU- with faint luster on fields, superior to the piece plated on page 60 of AC. XRF: 44.34% copper, 49.31% zinc, 4.55% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBv19N. 21.53 grams; 38 mm. Dark coppery VF struck from worn dies, a few small marks. XRF: 41.98% copper, 52.83% zinc, 3.79% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 62 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBv21Q. 17.49 grams; 37 mm. Choice XF+ with much original luster and brassy color. XRF: 41.75% copper, 52.08% zinc, 4.54% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 63 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, tin-plated copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Chao, ex-Ferrari. AC-PBv25U. 18.59 grams; 37 mm. Bold UNC with bright silvery color against light brassy background. Adams' tag says "silver wash or plate" but XRF shows the wash is actually tin, about which the tag goes on to accurately assert "lovely effect on rev." XRF: 46.21% copper, 42.07% zinc, 7.46% tin, 3.11% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), the Fernando Chao Collection, and the Jorge Ferrari Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBv26V. 16.47 grams; 37 mm. Matte AU- in light brown color with traces of original luster (bright in places). XRF: 41.65% copper, 50.60% zinc, 5.81% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBv29Y. 16.70 grams; 38 mm. Chocolate brown with bold details, some crust on ships' high points, appears to be superior to the plate piece on AC page 68, clearly XF by modern U.S. grading standards, but graded VF by Adams, whose tag says "For some reason, this variety never comes in XF." XRF: 43.81% copper, 46.46% zinc, 7.18% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate), ex-Craige. AC-PBv31CC. 14.40 grams; 38 mm. AU with some original color and luster, appropriate for a plate piece, but with odd disturbances in fields that appear to be scratches and corrosion, which tag refers to simply as "troubled surface." XRF: 53.40% copper, 40.07% zinc, 4.25% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection, plated on page 70 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBv32X. 14.08 grams; 37 mm. Matte AU- with choice details and satin-smooth surfaces, noticeably high rims. XRF: 42.97% copper, 51.05% zinc, 4.31% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 71 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate), ex-Craige. AC-PBv36II. 17.53 grams; 39 mm. Choice AU with some original color and luster, mostly on obverse, neatly struck with smooth surfaces. XRF: 41.19% copper, 51.66% zinc, 5.44% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection, plated on page 73 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, small copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Chao, ex-Ferrari. AC-PBv38KK. 4.62 grams; 27 mm. Bold AU-, slightly out of round, with much original color and luster, visibly superior to the plate piece on page 74 of AC. XRF: 39.82% copper, 52.99% zinc, 5.95% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), the Fernando Chao Collection, and the Jorge Ferrari Collection.

Great Britain, silver Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, rare, ex-Adams, ex-Chao, ex-Ferrari. AC-PBv41NN. 18.66 grams; 38 mm. Brightly polished XF (some of the polish itself still caked in the crevices) with lovely toning around details, rated scarce in AC but really in a different class of rarity as struck in high-grade silver. XRF: 97.21% silver. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), the Fernando Chao Collection, and the Jorge Ferrari Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBv41U. 17.75 grams; 37 mm. Light brown XF, matte on obverse but the reverse with traces of original color and luster. XRF: 38.57% copper, 52.47% zinc, 6.38% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Jeffrey Hoare Auction 73 of April 2012, lot 297.

Great Britain, small copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBv43SS. 5.02 grams; 27 mm. Dark AXF with bold details but flat face, the obverse rim higher than usual, described on tag as "struck on cast flan." XRF: 62.97% copper, 27.14% zinc, 7.86% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 78 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBv44UU. 15.06 grams; 38 mm. XF with traces of original color and luster on reverse, the obverse somewhat matte with a light olive sheen. XRF: 41.09% copper, 50.50% zinc, 6.48% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBv45VV. 13.60 grams; 38 mm. Golden brass color with some crusty toning in legends, otherwise problem-free VF. XRF: 38.71% copper, 53.08% zinc, 6.39% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the DNW auction of April 2019, with original lot-tag 990.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBv47VV. 11.11 grams; 38 mm. AXF with bits of original color and faintly lustrous fields, probably a late die-state, rated scarce in AC, which says: "If one were collecting Vernon medals by type, this 'gauntlet' portrait would pose a challenge." XRF: 41.70% copper, 52.46% zinc, 4.56% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with anchor fluke / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBvi1A. 12.41 grams; 39 mm. Dark XF with smooth surfaces, high rims, and well-executed details, as AC says: "this variety is especially well made." It also boasts a diagonally milled edge, which is quite unusual for this series. XRF: 41.24% copper, 51.80% zinc, 5.10% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with cannon and ship / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvi3C. 12.71 grams; 37 mm. Choice AU with much original brassy color and luster but also some encrustation here and there on reverse. XRF: 40.09% copper, 50.98% zinc, 6.12% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with cannon and anchor / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvi6G. 12.62 grams; 39 mm. Very sharp AU with choice details and much original color and luster, its obverse shared with one in the Cartagena issues. XRF: 40.28% copper, 52.95% zinc, 5.65% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, silver Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, rare, ex-Adams. AC-PBvi11P. 16.82 grams; 39 mm. Beautifully toned AU+, possibly polished at one point, with choice sharp details all over, its tag stating "Old English Coll'n via Peter Thompson / 1/15" and giving a measured specific gravity of 8.26, certainly one of the most beautiful silver Vernon medals in existence. XRF: 84.53% silver. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvi13Q. 17.53 grams; 38 mm. AU- with much original color and muted luster, bits of encrustation in legends. XRF: 41.02% copper, 55.06% zinc, 2.10% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Stack's auction of January 2008, with original lot-tag 7111.

Great Britain, small copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBvi14R. 6.33 grams; 27 mm. Scarce issue with misspelled word BRITIS, technically XF or better, with some original copper color and luster (especially on reverse) but rather weakly struck, which the tag summarizes thus: "Hard to grade. VG for sharpness but much original color." XRF: 45.96% copper, 47.94% zinc, 4.49% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 98 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate), ex-Craige. AC-PBvi16V. 14.85 grams; 40 mm. Dark AU with sharp details, traces of original luster on reverse, high rims, rated scarce in AC, with raised hump behind head described on the tag as "damaged obv die." XRF: 40.41% copper, 50.08% zinc, 7.46 lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvi18CC. 15.28 grams; 37 mm. Super-sharp AU with some original luster and color around details. XRF: 40.95% copper, 52.56% zinc, 4.30% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, heavily gold-plated copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, unique, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBvi19FF. 13.31 grams; 37 mm. Bright, sharp UNC with neatly dentillated rims, its tag stating "nicely gilt" to describe a heavy gilding that rings up as 16K gold, but the weight is clearly too light to be solid gold. Regarding the population of gold medals, AC says (page 201): "Although many examples were gilded, only a single Vernon medal is known in gold (an example of PBvi 25-OO in the British Museum)." XRF: 65.67% gold, 13.11% copper, 17.91% zinc. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBvi20HH. 12.52 grams; 37 mm. Dark XF+ with slightly lustrous fields but weakly struck centers, dentillated rims. XRF: 40.38% copper, 51.98% zinc, 6.25% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon with ship and cannon / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvi23LL. 11.25 grams; 38 mm. AU with much original color and luster, notably superior to the plate piece on page 109 ("Peck Collection"), dentillated rims. XRF: 40.91% copper, 52.92% zinc, 4.81% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Stack's auction of January 2013 (lot 10010).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Brown / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBvb1C. 14.48 grams; 37 mm. Dark but with somewhat lustrous fields, net XF+ with flat high points. S in AC. XRF: 40.15% copper, 52.25% zinc, 5.79% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Brown / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvb4G. 15.54 grams; 37 mm. Dark brassy XF with faint traces of original color, stippled obverse field. XRF: 44.17% copper, 49.27% zinc, 4.76% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, heavily gold-plated copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Brown / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvb6J. 14.08 grams; 38 mm. AU details in bright gold color but with bubbly (cast) surfaces, high rims, described on tag as having "Lovely gilding!!" XRF: 46.79% gold, 22.04% copper, 28.17% zinc. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, silver alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Brown / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate), ex-Ford. AC-PBvb7L. 14.78 grams; 39 mm. Very nice details with very high rims, XF+ in bright silver color but with some scratches above Vernon's head. AC: "…this variety is intentionally upgraded, with very high double rims and with many examples made in silver alloys as well as silver. In short, it was made for an upscale market." XRF: 10.22% silver, 39.47% copper, 37.51% zinc, 11.09% tin. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the John J. Ford Jr. Collection (Stack's auction of January 2006, with original lot-tag 552), plated on page 120 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Brown / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate), ex-Craige. AC-PBvb11S. 15.66 grams; 38 mm. Sharply detailed AU-, with nicely contrasting fields in olive green color, faint die-crack at top of obverse. XRF: 40.67% copper, 50.65% zinc, 4.93% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection, plated on page 124 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Lezo / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBvl2B. 13.38 grams; 38 mm. XF+ with some light olive color and traces of faint luster, light scratches on obverse, dentillated rims. XRF: 37.56% copper, 54.68% zinc, 4.72% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Lezo / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Stuart. AC-PBvl3B. 11.70 grams; 37 mm. Choice AU+ with much original color and luster, dentillated rims, described on Adams' tag as having "perfect strike and lovely color." XRF: 39.49% copper, 52.29% zinc, 5.47% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Richard Stuart Collection (Sedwick Auction 22, with original lot-tag 1262).

Great Britain, cast small silver Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Lezo / Porto Bello, rare, ex-Adams. AC-PBvl5D. 7.37 grams; 28 mm. Very sharp details in high-grade silver, nice AU with contrasting toning, this variety described in AC as "… the best executed of the DON / BLASS varieties… from a sophisticated ship a model form which many of its peers were copied." XRF: 97.34% silver. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Lezo / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvl8G. 12.40 grams; 38 mm. Choice XF+ with much original copper color (possibly higher grade but with high points not fully struck up), nice design with dentillated rims. XRF: 44.51% copper, 49.80% zinc, 4.61% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Lezo / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-PBvl9K. 11.29 grams; 38 mm. Sharply detailed AU- with muted luster throughout, dentillated rims, rated scarce in AC. XRF: 40.74% copper, 52.27% zinc, 5.11% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 135 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon, Ogle and Wentworth / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-PBvow1A. 14.44 grams; 38 mm. AU- with some original color and luster, dentillated rims, rated scarce in AC, single-known obverse die with portraits of Vernon, Ogle and Wentworth (and lion cubs, supposedly in reference to a pair that were born at the Tower of London menagerie at the time and named Vernon and Ogle), similar to Cartagena issue CAvow1. XRF: 41.12% copper, 51.17% zinc, 6.00% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), acquired from Hedley Betts in December 1992.

Great Britain, cast silvered copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon, Lezo and Brown / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-PBvlb1A. 10.49 grams; 40 mm. Weakly struck Fine with crude dark patches peeking through the silvering, single-known obverse die with portraits of Vernon, Lezo and Brown, similar to Cartagena issue CAvlb1. XRF: 2.25% silver, 44.53% copper, 47.91% zinc, 3.27% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-FCv3B. 18.05 grams; 40 mm. Sharply detailed AU+ with traces of luster, nice chocolate brown color, dentillated rims, unusually broad flan for this series. XRF: 41.91% copper, 53.63% zinc, 2.88% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 142 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, gilt copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-FCv5D. 16.54 grams; 40 mm. Bold XF details with very bright gold gilding all over except where worn away on coppery high points, dentillated rims. XRF: 11.85% gold, 38.96% copper, 44.52% zinc, 2.82% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate), ex-Craige. AC-FCv6G. 15.01 grams; 38 mm. UNC with bright original luster and color around details, which are particularly sharp, also high rims. XRF: 39.50% copper, 53.72% zinc, 4.29% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection, plated on page 146 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Chao, ex-Ferrari. AC-FCv11N. 12.60 grams; 38 mm. AU with original brassy color and luster, some high points weak, stippled obverse fields, dentillated rims, overall superior to the AC plate piece on page 151 (British Museum). XRF: 38.58% copper, 52.73% zinc, 6.34% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), the Fernando Chao Collection, and the Jorge Ferrari Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams, ex-Chao, ex-Ferrari. AC-FCv13R. 14.87 grams; 38 mm. Mint State (even by Adams' standards) with much original copper color and luster, completely devoid of wear or marks, dentillated rims. XRF: 42.19% copper, 48.81% zinc, 6.04% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), the Fernando Chao Collection, and the Jorge Ferrari Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-FCv14S. 13.85 grams; 38 mm. Matte XF+ with bold details, light in color. XRF: 40.69% copper, 55.94% zinc, 1.41% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-FCv15V. 14.33 grams; 38 mm. Mint State but with very muted luster and no original color, still visibly superior to the AC plate piece on page 155, described on Adams' tag thus: "Mint color faded but no apparent wear. Lovely surfaces." XRF: 39.35% copper, 53.32% zinc, 5.33% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Stack's auction of January 2012 (lot 6017).

Great Britain, medium-sized copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1739, Vernon and Fort Chagre / Porto Bello, ex-Adams (plate). AC-FCv18Y. 11.99 grams; 34 mm. AU with original luster around bold details on obverse, the reverse a bit weaker, smallest diameter of the Fort Chagre type. XRF: 41.45% copper, 51.72% zinc, 4.94% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 157 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, cast silver Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon / Cartagena, rare, ex-Adams. AC-CAv2B. 14.15 grams; 38 mm. AXF with lovely toning, probably polished long ago, the flan somewhat convex, with minor rim-bruise and tiny nicks, fairly high-grade silver. XRF: 94.15% silver. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon / Cartagena, ex-Adams (plate). AC-CAv3D. 11.82 grams; 39 mm. Dull brass-colored XF with muted luster, interesting old graffiti "C-VC" in obverse field, die-break below date as noted in AC. XRF: 41.99% copper, 50.54% zinc, 6.37% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 164 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon / Cartagena, ex-Adams, ex-Finn. AC-CAv4E. 13.78 grams; 38 mm. Coppery AU- with traces of original color and luster around details, described in AC as: "A well-composed, neatly executed piece of work, distinguished by a unique legend." XRF: 46.08% copper, 47.51% zinc, 4.70% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and the Leonard Finn Collection.

Great Britain, medium-sized gilt copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon / Cartagena, ex-Adams. AC-CAv5F. 10.47 grams; 36 mm. Boldly detailed XF+ with bright gold gilding all over except where worn off the highest points (which are dark copper in color), high rims. XRF: 38.30% gold, 25.70% copper, 32.72% zinc. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, medium-sized copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon / Cartagena, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-CAv6G. 10.64 grams; 38 mm. Matte UNC with satin-smooth fields, traces of muted luster. XRF: 40.16% copper, 53.38% zinc, 5.55% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, medium-sized copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon / Cartagena, ex-Adams, ex-Finn. AC-CAv6G. 10.61 grams; 38 mm. Copper-colored XF+ with original color and luster around details, minor rim-bruise. XRF: 41.12% copper, 51.83% zinc, 5.64% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and the Leonard Finn Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon and Lezo / Cartagena, ex-Adams, ex-Craige. AC-CAvl1A. 14.91 grams; 39 mm. Dark XF with slightly porous surfaces, dentillated rims. XRF: 46.85% copper, 45.65% zinc, 4.68% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and to the Ted Craige Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon and Lezo / Cartagena, ex-Adams, ex-Chao, ex-Ferrari. AC-CAvl2C. 12.25 grams; 38 mm. Very sharply detailed Mint State with original luster, reverse struck using a very late-stage die showing abundant radial flow-lines around devices. XRF: 40.19% copper, 52.40% zinc, 5.32% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), the Fernando Chao Collection, and the Jorge Ferrari Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon and Ogle / Cartagena, ex-Adams (plate). AC-CAvo1A. 12.75 grams; 39 mm. Brass-colored Mint State with original luster (bright on reverse), dentillated rims, rated scarce in AC, probably an early die-state as lacking characteristic reverse die failures mentioned in AC. XRF: 40.37% copper, 50.55% zinc, 7.66% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), plated on page 170 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon and Ogle / Cartagena, ex-Adams. AC-CAvo2B. 11.27 grams; 38 mm. Choice AU with much original color and luster, especially on reverse, the rims high and neatly dentillated, described in AC as: "A well-balanced piece of work." XRF: 40.74% copper, 52.65% zinc, 5.47% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), acquired from Richard August in January 1985.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon and Ogle / Cartagena, ex-Adams. AC-CAvo4F. 13.71 grams; 38 mm. Sharp XF+ with muted luster on fields but some die-rust in details, nice chocolate color, dentillated rims. XRF: 39.68% copper, 52.33% zinc, 5.47% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon and Ogle / Cartagena, ex-Adams (plate). AC-CAvo5G. 14.04 grams; 37 mm. Dark XF with very high rims, rated scarce in AC, the tag from Adams describing it as: "Excellent condition for this rarity." XRF: 49.74% copper, 34.44% zinc, 12.52% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), acquired from Christopher Eimer in October 2007, plated on page 173 of Medallic Portraits of Admiral Vernon (2010), by Adams and Chao.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon, Lezo and Ogle / Cartagena, ex-Adams. AC-CAvlo1B. 14.53 grams; 39 mm. XF with traces of original color and luster around details on reverse, high double rims that AC calls "a new feature on these medals." XRF: 44.55% copper, 49.58% zinc, 4.53% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), acquired from Richard Margolis in August 1983.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon, Ogle and Wentworth / Cartagena, ex-Adams. AC-CAvow1A. 14.10 grams; 39 mm. Dark AU- with satin-smooth fields exhibiting muted luster, high dentillated rims, similar obverse as Porto Bello issue with lion cubs in reference to ones born at the Tower of London menagerie at the time and named after Vernon and Ogle. XRF: 42.79% copper, 50.57% zinc, 5.30% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), acquired from Richard Margolis in August 1983.

Great Britain, gilt copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon, Ogle and Wentworth / Cartagena, ex-Adams, ex-Finn. AC-CAvow3C. 13.31 grams; 41 mm. AU- details with grainy but bright gold gilding mostly remaining (a few dark spots), the obverse apparently somewhat scratched before gilding. S in AC. XRF: 31.50% gold, 32.41% copper, 29.57% zinc, 5.17% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag) and the Leonard Finn Collection.

Great Britain, copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal, 1741, Vernon and Havana / Porto Bello, ex-Adams. AC-HAv1B. 15.18 grams; 37 mm. Attractive UNC with choice brassy color and luster, dentillated rims. XRF: 41.41% copper, 51.58% zinc, 4.64% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, uniface copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal (button), (ca. 1739), Vernon and cannons, extremely rare, ex-Adams. AC-UNI4. 4.72 grams; 25 mm. Bold VF details but crusty and corroded and low in contrast, the loop on back unusually intact, described on Adams' tag as simply "dug". XRF: 45.48% copper, 33.66% zinc, 11.53% lead, 5.06% tungsten. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, uniface tin alloy Admiral Vernon medal (button), (ca. 1739), Vernon alone, extremely rare, ex-Adams. AC-UNI8. 7.59 grams; 34 mm. Weak VG with edge-piece missing and interior hole, very leaden in appearance with orange sediment as "metal detected by Jason Koos," according to Adams' tag, and probably discovered after publication because AC says: "The only specimen seen, which is badly disfigured, is in the British Museum." XRF: 60.76% tin, 36.90% lead, 2.00% antimony. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, uniface copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal (button), (ca. 1739), Vernon with ship and cannon, extremely rare, ex-Adams. AC-UNI9. 4.72 grams; 29 mm. Dark with bold VF details but somewhat crusty and corroded from burial, traces of the back-loop remaining. XRF: 66.34% copper, 18.18% zinc, 12.50% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag).

Great Britain, uniface copper alloy Admiral Vernon medal (button), (ca. 1739), Vernon with cannon and anchor, extremely rare, ex-Adams. AC-UNI11. 5.90 grams; 29 mm. Worn VG but at least not corroded from burial, nice chocolate color, with loop on back 100% intact. Curiously, Adams' tag says "Adams plate example," but it is not the one plated on page 191 of AC. XRF: 46.44% copper, 46.51% zinc, 5.67% lead. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection (with his handwritten tag), acquired from Jim King in December 1984.

Guatemala (Central American Republic), silver 2R-sized medal, 1837, "trial by jury." Fonrobert-7227. 6.68 grams; 25 mm. Obverse with standing Justice holding pomegranate and two snakes under legend EL PUEBLO JUEZ.; reverse with radiant all-seeing eye above scales and sword on pedestal that says GUATA. / 1837. under legend JUICIO POR JURADOS. Attractively rainbow-toned AU with lustrous fields, a few edge-cracks, slightly off-center strike.

Haiti (Northern Haiti), tin medal, Henri Christophe, Haitian Constitution of 1807, by E. Thomason, extremely rare, NGC MS 62. Fonrobert-unl; Guttag-unl. 43mm. Obverse with military portrait of Christophe inside legend HENRI CHRISTOPHE PRESIDENT ET GENERALISSIME DES ETATS DE HAYTI LE 17E FEVRIER 1807; reverse with seventeen-line inscription LA LUMIERE / A ECLATE SUR NOUS / ET UNE CONSTITUTION / BIENFAISANT A MIS / FIN AUX COMPLOTS / ET MACHINATIONS / DEQUELS NOUS ETIONS / SUR LE POINT DE DEVENIR / LES VICTIMES. / UN CODE NOUVEAU, ADAPTE / POUR NOS MANIERES, / NOTRE CLIMAT ET NOS / COUTUMES, EST SORTI, / COMME POUR AINSI / DIRE, DU CHAOS, ET / A FIXE LA DESTINEE / DE HAYTI; reeded edge. Made in England by E. Thomason, with a bust of Christophe that is similar to that on the somewhat available copper pattern 1 centime dated 1807, this medal struck to celebrate the (North) Haitian Constitution promulgated on February 17, 1807. Lustrous around details, choice piece (far superior to the Gibbs example, Schulman March 1966 lot 2045), possibly unique without a hole, one of only three known to us. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Mexico City, Mexico, brass uniface "cliche" (trial strike) of a large medal, Charles III, no date, engraved by Geronimo A. Gil, very rare (probably unique), ex-Hubbard. Obv trial of Grove-K92. 13.00 grams; 58mm. Bust of Charles III above GERONIMO.A.GIL. within legend CARLOS III. REY DE ESP EMP. DE LAS INDIAS. A large, thin shell of metal, AU (or better) with toning around details, struck as a trial for the obverse of a merit medal known in gold (Medina collection), silver (no reference), and bronze (Museo Nacional de Mexico), all very rare, with legend matching some Spain medals by Prieto but with different bust. Notably, the Mexican engraver Geronimo Antonio Gil responsible for this piece was the father of J. Gabriel Gil, both of whom were known for engraving the rare (and very similar) medals of Manila, Philippines. Desirable pedigree. From the Clyde Hubbard Estate, pedigreed to the El Mundo de la Moneda auction of February 26, 2022, with original lot-tag 51.

Mexico City, Mexico, bronze proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1789, normal date, Archbishop issue, portraits of King Charles IV and Queen Maria Luisa, by G.A. Gil, PCGS MS 62+, finest and only example in PCGS census. Herrera-166; Medina-193; Grove-C21c. 44mm. Obverse with bust of king with G.A. GIL below inside legend * CAROLO * IV * HISP * ET * IND * REG * MEX * PROCL * AN * / * 1789 *; reverse with bust of queen inside legend * LVDOV * REG * / * AUSPICE * / * ALF * ARCH * MEX *. Lightly toned around details, tiny marks only, no luster but technically very high grade for this issue. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Mexico City, Mexico, bronze proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1789, Royal Tribunal of Mines issue, by G.A. Gil, PCGS MS 62 Brown, finest and only example in PCGS census. Herrera-169; Medina-196; Grove-C33c. 45mm. Obverse with bust of king with GIL below inside legend CAROLO * IV * HISP * ET * IND * REGI * FELICITER * INAUGURATO *; reverse with arms inside Golden Fleece garter in crowned shield topped with ribbon that says PLUS VLTRA, with mining operations in background, all within legend REG. FOB. TRIB. NOV. HISP. PRIM. HPC. FIDELIT. MONUM. CUDI. FECIT. MEXIC. CIC. IC. CC. LXXXIX. Choice condition, with reddish brown surfaces all over (no luster), the second and third "C's" in the date backwards to make 1000 (CIC) and 500 (IC). Please use this link to verify the certification number

Mexico City, Mexico, bronze proclamation medal, Charles IV, 1789, Royal Tribunal of Mines issue, by G.A. Gil. Herrera-169; Medina-196; Grove-C33c. 44.69 grams; 45 mm. Obverse with bust of king with GIL below inside legend CAROLO * IV * HISP * ET * IND * REGI * FELICITER * INAUGURATO *; reverse with arms inside Golden Fleece garter in crowned shield topped with ribbon that says PLUS VLTRA, with mining operations in background, all within legend REG. FOB. TRIB. NOV. HISP. PRIM. HPC. FIDELIT. MONUM. CUDI. FECIT. MEXIC. CIC .IC. CC. LXXXIX. Even-brown XF with trivial marks, curious minting error with weakness and doubling in about half the legend on each side, the date with second and third "C's" backwards to make 1000 (CIC) and 500 (IC).

Peru, small oval uniface silver military decoration, no date, Ayacucho, struck by Bolivar decree of 1825, very rare. Rev of Fonrobert-9180. 5.52 grams; 26x22mm. Two olive branches below AYACUCHO, per the reverse of Fonrobert-9180, whose obverse relates to the Colombian Battle of Boyaca of 1819, first we have seen of this type and among a popular series struck right after Independence. Lustrous Mint State (or nearly so) with toning at rims, minor flan laminations.

Peru, silver military decoration with wreath suspender, dated 1824, Bolivar / Ayacucho, by Atanasio Davalos. Fonrobert-9178. 18.78 grams; 32mm. Obverse with uniformed bust of Bolivar right, A.DAVALOS G. below, legend .A SU LIBERTADOR SIMON BOLIVAR.; reverse with arms of Peru, wreath above and olive/palm branches below, within legend EL PERU RESTAURADO EN AYACUCHO ANO DE 1824.; diagonally reeded edge; loop and wreath hanger at top. Lightly toned AU+ with muted luster, suspended so that the Bolivar obverse is upside-down (struck in coin axis).

Peru, oval copper-alloy (off-metal) trial pattern of a military decoration, dated 1824, Bolivar / Ayacucho, by Atanasio Davalos, very rare, NGC MS 62 Brown, finest and only example in NGC census. Fonrobert-9179 (but in copper). 8.88 grams; 33x28mm. Obverse with uniformed bust of Bolivar, A D below, legend .A SU LIBERTADOR SIMON BOLIVAR.; reverse with arms of Peru with wreath above and olive/palm branches below, within legend EL PERU RESTAURADO EN AYACUCEO ANO DE 1824.; plain edge; integrated loop at top. This elegant medal commemorates Bolivar's campaign in Peru, starting with the Battle of Pichincha in 1822 and ending with the Battle of Ayacucho in 1824. It was created by decree under Jose Maria Galdiano on February 12, 1825, for the Congress of El Peru. Two different dies were used to make about 100 medals in gold and 1100 in silver, from which 1000 pieces were given to the public on the day of San Simon. Note: This copper-alloy version (unlisted in Fonrobert, XRF-tested at 73.17% copper, 26.27% zinc and 0.24% lead) is possibly a unique trial, notably with spelling error AYACUCEO; we have seen only one other in copper but on a round planchet, not oval like the present lot (attributed to the round version in error by NGC). Even dark color with very muted luster. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Philippines (First Republic), bronze medal, 1899, President Aguinaldo / Malolos Constitution Proclamation, very rare. Honeycutt-62. 10.37 grams; 28mm. Obverse with bust of Emilio Aguinaldo above PROCLAMADA ENERO / 18 MALOLOS 99, with REPUBLICA to left and FILIPINA to right; reverse with LOS / HERUES / FILIPINA inside wreath. Matte-brassy AU with traces of bright luster around details. The First Philippine Republic, with Aguinaldo as president, was established on January 21, 1899, at Malolos, Bulacan, succeeding the previous Revolutionary Government of the Philippines and lasting until 1901, while actually under sovereignty by the United States.

Spain, gold proof medal, (1970), inauguration of the Simon Bolivar monument in the Parque del Oeste de Madrid by the Instituto de Cultura Hispanica. 10.42 grams; 28mm. Obverse with uniformed bust of Bolivar below legend SIMON BOLIVAR 1783-1830; reverse with Bolivar on horse, holding sword handle up to the sun, with frosted silhouette of South America in the background, legend EL LIBERTADOR to left, tiny hallmark and fineness marking 917 (22K gold) at bottom. Brightly lustrous UNC with bagmarks and light hairlines, also a curious strike-through-fiber error between EL and LIB.

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $20 Coronet Liberty double eagle, 1904, NGC MS 64, with green CAC sticker. A brilliant and choice coin with radiant luster on both sides, finely executed details from a sharp strike particularly noticeable in Liberty's hair curls. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $10 Coronet Liberty eagle, 1899, NGC MS 64, with green CAC sticker. Satiny golden surfaces with a touch of rose-gold toning around the rims, well struck devices and free from any obtrusive marks. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $10 Indian Head eagle, 1932, NGC MS 63, with green CAC sticker. Lustrous piece with golden surfaces touched by light pink-gold hues around the central devices, sharply rendered Indian Head and eagle design from a strong striking. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $5 Coronet Liberty half eagle, 1894, NGC MS 64. . Well struck devices against satiny golden fields with a tinge of pink coloration, very minimal contact marks for the grade. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $2-1/2 Coronet Liberty quarter eagle, 1843, NGC XF 40. Modestly circulated example of this earlier Liberty Head design with plentiful luster remaining. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $2-1/2 Coronet Liberty quarter eagle, 1854, NGC XF 45. Circulated yet still lustrous and nicely detailed, spots of red-gold toning around the eagle. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $2-1/2 Coronet Liberty quarter eagle, 1854. 4.15 grams. AU with light cleaning, light red-gold toning around the rims.

USA (San Francisco mint), gold $2-1/2 Coronet Liberty quarter eagle, 1857-S, NGC VF details / cleaned. A scarce, San Francisco-minted date with a mintage of just 69,200. Well detailed obverse for the grade, surfaces appearing to have more handling friction than actual cleaning. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (San Francisco mint), gold $2-1/2 Coronet Liberty quarter eagle, 1860-S, NGC VF details / cleaned. Another difficult San Francisco date struck just prior to the Civil War with a mintage of only 35,600 coins. Lightly polished surfaces from cleaning yet still well-detailed. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (San Francisco mint), gold $2-1/2 Coronet Liberty quarter eagle, 1860-S, NGC VF details / cleaned. As with the prior lot, the 1860-S quarter eagle mintage was a tiny batch of 35,600 coins. Very lightly cleaned with some marks behind Liberty's hair bun, some russet gold toning around the devices. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $2-1/2 Coronet Liberty quarter eagle, 1878. 4.17 grams. XF with cleaned surfaces, small scratches on the bust and above the eagle, red-gold toning highlights around the devices.

USA (Philadelphia mint), gold $1 Indian Princess, 1854, Type Two. 1.65 grams. Popular first year of issue for this design. Detailed XF with surface hairlines from past cleaning.

USA (San Francisco Mint), Seated Liberty silver trade dollar, 1877-S, crafted into a box dollar. 18.64 grams. Box dollars like this were made using genuine Trade dollars found in circulation in the late 1800s, and it's suggested some were sold as souvenirs during the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago. This example is fully intact and works by pressing down on the date; the action of the hinge mechanism is smooth. Its interior is plain with a smaller circular compartment and three tiny screw holes. The coin itself grades VG+ with dark cameo contrast from circulation.

USA (San Francisco Mint), silver Morgan dollar, 1881-S, NGC MS 65. Sharply struck with well-defined Liberty details and nearly prooflike fields (noticeable especially on the reverse), bright cartwheel luster on both sides, substantial hues of blue and red toning all over the obverse. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (New Orleans Mint), silver Morgan dollar, 1883-O, PCGS MS65 (old green label). Superb blast-white surfaces with ample cartwheel luster across satin smooth fields, great eye appeal for the grade. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (New Orleans Mint), silver Seated Liberty half dollar, 1846-O, medium date, WB-20, Doubled Die Obverse, PCGS XF40, only known example of this variety in the PCGS census. The first recognized example of this die pairing by PCGS, notable for the clear doubling along the ribbon near the base of the shield (Rarity 4 in Bugert). In our opinion, this piece is a bit under-graded as the surfaces exhibit substantial luster and the details for both Liberty and the eagle are especially sharp. The fields possess a dusty russet toning with more silvery-blue color around the devices. Excellent opportunity for the die variety collector. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (New Orleans Mint), silver Seated Liberty half dollar, 1853-O, arrows and rays, WB-21, PCGS VF detail / cleaned. Popular, one year design plus a tough die pairing listed as Rarity 3 in Bugert with clear die diagnostics including thick die crack through E in AMERICA. Possibly the only recognized example graded by PCGS as well. Nicely struck with light cleaning, certainly on the higher end of VF if not closer to XF with plentiful Liberty and eagle detail plus retained luster, some spots of dark red toning. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia Mint), copper Fugio cent, 1787, four cinquefoils, pointed rays, STATES UNITED, NGC VF 30 Brown. Attractive example of this early American coinage designed by Benjamin Franklin himself. The obverse depicts a radiant sunface over a sundial with FUGIO and 1787 flanking and the motto MIND YOUR BUSINESS below; the reverse depicts a great chain of 13 links representing the 13 colonies around a ring with UNITED STATES and WE ARE ONE at center. Modestly circulated example with nice design details showing including especially bold date and FUGIO, great surface quality with rich dark brown toning around the legends and devices. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), copper 1 cent, 1909 VDB, NGC MS 64 Red. Popular first date of the Lincoln cent design featuring engraver Victor David Brenner's initials at bottom on reverse. Brilliant copper red surfaces with well struck details, nicer than the assigned grade suggests. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA (Philadelphia mint), copper 1/2 cent, 1804, plain 4, no stems, die rotation error, NGC VF 35 Brown. Rich and even dark brown surfaces with nicely rendered details showing off modest circulation for the grade, interesting 45-degree die rotation error. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA, round California fractional gold token, dated 1858, Indian, wreath 4a, NGC MS 66 ("top pop"). 10.1 mm Sharply struck token with golden luster throughout, tied with one other for finest known in the NGC census. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA, octagonal California fractional gold token, dated 1858, Indian, wreath, 13 stars, NGC MS 65 ("top pop"). 9.6 mm. Small token with lustrous surfaces possessing spots of red-gold toning, tied with one other for finest known in the NGC census. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA, octagonal California fractional gold token, dated 1860, Indian, wreath 4a, 13 stars, NGC MS 64, finest and only example in the NGC census. 11.3 mm. Well struck with bright, almost prooflike fields and ample die polish lines showing. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA, octagonal California fractional gold token, dated 1860, Indian, wreath 4b, NGC MS 66. 9.8 mm. Gem example of this type with lustrous golden surfaces and nice design details. Please use this link to verify the certification number

USA, large high relief bronze medal, dated 1815 (struck ca. 1824), Major General Andrew Jackson / Battle of New Orleans, by Moritz Fuerst. Julian-MI-15b. 130.17 grams; 65 mm. Obverse with high relief, uniformed bust of Andrew Jackson facing right with MAJOR GENERAL - ANDREW JACKSON around; reverse with Fame inscribing ORLEANS on to a tablet but stopped by Peace with RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS FEBRUARY 27. 1815. around, and BATTLE OF NEW-ORLEANS / JANUARY 8. 1815. in exergue. Choice UNC with rich brown surfaces.

USA, proof silver medal, Declaration of Independence (struck in the 1850s), by Charles Cushing Wright, unique in silver, NGC MS 62 , ex-Bushnell, ex-Garrett, ex-Adams. Musante GW183; Baker (Rulau-Fuld) 53G. 91mm; 259.0 grams. NGC 6481717-001. Pedigreed to the John Adams Collection, with entire ownership pedigree dating back to Charles Ira Bushnell (Chapman auction of June 1882, lot 1274), Garrett Estate (Bowers & Ruddy auction of April 1981, lot 1910), Julian Leidman (Bowers & Merena auction of April 1986, lot 4126), and Charles A. Warton (Stack's Bowers auction of March 2014, lot 2077), subsequently purchased by Adams in the Stack's Bowers auction of August 2018 (lot 46). Estimate: $25,000-up. Please use this link to verify the certification number Manmade beauty comes in many forms. As numismatists we discern artistic beauty in a handheld piece of history. The beauty of a coin or medal starts with its engraver; next its striking, which is critical as a bad strike can ruin a beautiful design. Finally, the toning of the metal, which takes many years to happen, is a process over which we have much less control. For some pieces, there is one final distinction, a coup de grâce known as pedigree, for only a piece that was held and admired by the greatest collectors can have such psychological beauty. When this medal was designed and struck sometime in 1852 to 1854 by Charles Cushing Wright, only a bronze version was advertised, first published in Norton's Literary Letter in 1857. The first auction appearance of one of these bronzes (of which only two to four are known today), was in the Edward Cogan (Philadelphia) sale of March 25-26, 1862, from a collection billed as “The Property of a Private Gentleman [John K. Wiggan], Collected Without Regard to Expense,” lot 757, described as “extremely rare” (consider how many ten-year-old numismatic items today could be considered “extremely rare”). The next known auction offering of a bronze example was in June 20-24, 1882 (lot 1275), when the Chapman Brothers (Samuel Hudson Chapman and Henry Chapman, also in Philadelphia) handled the collection of the estate of Charles Ira Bushnell, the medal again described as “extremely rare,” but with a note that it was the same as the lot above it, lot 1274, in silver. That lot was the same silver piece you see now, with a brief description ending in “Silver. Proof. Unique in this metal.” Why did they believe it was unique? The answer lies in the owner, Bushnell, who was a known patron of Wright’s work and presumably had it struck for himself as a specimen. It is inconceivable that the Chapmans would have made that assertion if Bushnell himself had not told them. Note it was also described as Proof by the Chapmans, another term that they would only state if true (a fact that was recognized by PCGS when this piece was graded as SP63 by that firm, its current designation of MS 62 by NGC a bit indefensible). The design itself was not unique, however. Not only were there identical versions in bronze, as noted, but also its scene of the presentation of the draft of the Declaration of Independence to the Continental Congress on June 28, 1776 (based on the famous 1818 painting by John Trumbull that hangs in the rotunda of the U.S. Capitol and graces the back of our $2 bill) was used by Wright to make other medals with the bust of George Washington on the other side. It is interesting to note that even as long ago as 1882 the Chapman Brothers erroneously described this scene as the signing of the Declaration of Independence, whereas in fact the image shows the five-man drafting committee (consisting of John Adams, Richard Sherman, Robert R. Livingston, Thomas Jefferson, and Benjamin Franklin) presenting their draft to a seated John Hancock. Each man pictured in the scene was a real person, 47 in all, of which 42 were actual signers of the Declaration (fourteen signers were not depicted, as Trumbull could not find accurate likenesses of them, the remaining five “extras” being luminaries who were present for the debates but not for the signing). The scene itself, however, is a fantasy, as these 47 men were never all in that room at the same time, “that room” being none other than Independence Hall in Philadelphia. It is amazing how well the painting lent itself to a medal format, the depth of perspective and finely detailed portraits faithfully rendered down to the last detail, even showing the right foot of the preternaturally tall Jefferson almost stepping on the comparatively short Adams’ left foot, once believed to have been symbolic of their legendary post-Independence rivalry. Above the scene is DECLARATION / OF and below is INDEPENDENCE and the date of the signing, July 4, 1776. The other side of the medal bears a square tablet with a veritable curriculum vitae of the United States, listing eighteen events that led up to the momentous occasion of our Independence, as follows: DISCOVERY OF NORTH AMERICA BY THE ENGLISH.JLY.3.1497 DISCOVERY OF FLORIDA BY THE SPANIARDS.APRIL.6.1512 FIRST SETTLEMENT IN VIRGINIA. MAY. 23.1607 HUDSON RIVER DISCOVERED BY THE DUTCH.SEP.21.1609 DUTCH SETTLEMENT AT NEW YORK.1614 LANDING OF THE PILGRIMS AT PLYMOUTH.DEC.22.1620 FIRST WAR WITH THE INDIANS (PEQUOTS) 1637 UNION OF THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES.MAY.29.1643 NEW YORK TAKEN BY THE ENGLISH.OCT.4.1664 WAR WITH THE FRENCH AND INDIANS.1754 TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN FRANCE & ENGLAND.FEB10.1763 STAMP ACT PASSED IN ENGLAND.MARCH22.1765 STAMP ACT CONGRESS MEET AT NEW YORK.OCT7.1765 MASSACRE OF AMERICANS AT BOSTON.MARCH.5.1770 FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS AT PHILADA SEP.5.1774 FIRST REVOLUTIONARY BATTLE AT LEXINGTON.APRL.19.1775 BATTLE AT BUNKERS HILL.JUNE.17.1775 ASSAULT ON QUEBEC BY AMERICANS.DEC.31.1775 Scenes at top and bottom depict a small boat of Europeans landing at a rocky promontory guarded by an Indian (often described as Columbus’ landing in the New World, but that is doubtful considering the list of events) above, and a wharf scene with building, ships and lighthouse at bottom (perhaps Boston Harbor, but the design of the lighthouse is different). As with the other side, the artistry is par excellence. Well designed and well struck, yes… but the third aesthetic factor is the icing on the cake: As a silver medal, this piece was subject to whatever mysterious chemical forces cause colorful toning on silver only, such that in the right light the surfaces positively radiate with a supernova burst of blue, green, purple and golden orange, all with underlying luster from proof-quality preparation. The wire rims are high, with just a small nick or two, and the struck details are thoroughly raised and devoid of weakness or wear. Much like the Liberty Bell, this gem bears a dignified flaw in the form of a meandering die-crack, from just right of the top to the middle on the reverse (considered a possible explanation for the extreme rarity of this issue), in addition to a small flaw or mark just to the right of the date 1643 and faint hairlines that any medal like this would have, all mere beauty spots on the alabaster countenance of a proper lady. But as we said, there is one more quality that creates psychological beauty, a pride of ownership achieved by the desire to fight to own something so pleasing in artistry and preservation, namely its pedigree. Here we can trace this very same medal from its sponsoring first owner, Bushnell; thence to T. Harrison Garrett and his son, John Work Garrett, whose collection was sold by Bowers & Ruddy, this piece auctioned as lot 1910 in Part 4 (April 26, 1981); subsequently sold by Bowers & Merena as part of the Julian Leidman Collection on April 12, 1986 (lot 4126); next in the Charles A. Wharton Collection auctioned by Stack’s Bowers Galleries March 26-April 1, 2014 (lot 2077), where it was finally given the entire page it deserved; and finally the Stack’s Bowers auction of August 22, 2018, this time on the cover of the catalog and monopolizing two pages, as lot 46. The buyer in that auction was our own John Adams, in fact an indirect descendant of the John Adams who is shown “front and center” on this medal—what a fitting pedigree! But as any seasoned numismatist knows, it is not we humans but the items we collect that live on, and now this monumental opus will find a new home. Surely its next pedigree will be another name of collecting distinction.

USA, small gilt bronze medal with original red ribbon, ca. 1869, George Washington / Lord's Prayer, Golden Spike ceremony souvenir. Baker-651, GW-926. 1.56 grams. This small medal featuring the bust of Washington on one side and the Lord's Prayer on the other was a souvenir from the Golden Spike ceremony connecting the Transcontinental Railroad held on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah, according to the John W. Barriger III National Railroad Library. Choice UNC with golden luster.

USA, bronze military decoration, 1898, U.S Naval Campaign West Indies (Spanish-American War), awarded to Fireman Second Class George A. Hewitt of the battleship USS Indiana, with bars U.S.S. Indiana, San Juan P.R. (May 12), Santiago (June 22) (July 2) (July 4). 60.02 grams; 39 mm. Phase II Sampson medal (bust of Rear Admiral William E. Sampson on obverse, naval soldiers on reverse, SANTIAGO DE CUBA / JULY 2 in exergue), the edge engraved with GEORGE A HEWITT F. 2d. C. (the seaman this medal was presented to). The USS Indiana shelled the harbor of San Juan, Puerto Rico on May 12th, then joined in the blockade of Santiago de Cuba in late June before playing a role on July 3rd in the decisive Battle of Santiago de Cuba. Choice condition with sharp high relief details and intact original ribbon.

South Carolina, 7 shillings 6 pence, April 10, 1778, serial 317. Fr-SC-148. A nice, XF example of this rare "beehive" note named for the vignette at lower right depicting bees buzzing around their hive. Fully framed with complete design visible unlike the Newman specimen which had some design fading. Although the signatures are a little faded, they remain illegible. A single pinhole is noted at left and the back shows two mounting removal spots though these do little to detract from the eye appeal of this difficult South Carolina note.

Philadelphia, Continental Congress, $1/2, Feb. 17, 1776, serial 147397. Fr-CC-21. Bold example of this type using a design created by Benjamin Franklin and utilized on the Continental dollar. The obverse vignette depicts a sunface shining down on a sundial with the legend FUGIO to left and MIND YOUR BUSINESS below; the large reverse vignette depicts each of the colonies as links in a great chain around a radiant sun containing the legends AMERICAN CONGRESS and WE ARE ONE. Nice VF+ with good framing plus bold signature and serial, hinge mounts on back.

Philadelphia, Continental Congress, $1/3, Feb. 17, 1776, serial not visible. Fr-CC-20. As with the prior lot, this Continental $1/3 shares the same FUGIO and colonial chain vignettes designed by Benjamin Franklin. VF with faded signatures / serial yet boldly inked design, hinge mounts and a small stain on the back.

New Haven, Connecticut, Elm City Bank, $1, Oct. 20, 1855, serial 9228, extremely rare. Haxby-CT275C2. A very rare note in any form; a status only reinforced by Haxby stating, "Surviving Example Not Confirmed." Likewise, PMG has yet to grade an issued example of this denomination. The Elm City Bank of New Haven became the Second National Bank of New Haven in 1864; redemption of the Elm City Bank notes, in addition to usual loss or destruction, resulted in this important obsolete rarity. VF with bold signatures and serial, upper left corner missing, mounting remnants on the back.

Baton Rouge, Louisiana, State of Louisiana, $2, 24-2-1862, low serial 97, printed on Bank of Texas remainders. Interesting Civil War note printed on the back of uncut Commercial and Agricultural Bank of Texas remainders; the back of this note shows the right most side for two 2 dollars or 2 pesos notes. About VF with minor gutter fold error.

Baton Rouge, Louisiana, State of Louisiana, $1, 24-2-1862, serial 14245, printed on Bank of Texas remainders. Interesting Civil War note printed on the back of uncut Commercial and Agricultural Bank of Texas remainders; the back of this note shows the centers of $2/2 pesos and a $3/3 pesos notes. VF with bold ink colors.

Wilmington, North Carolina, Bank of Cape Fear, $10, Oct. 1, 1855, serial 4502. Haxby-NC90G114a. In 1804, Bank of Cape Fear was the first bank to be incorporated in North Carolina; it would operate for 62 years before closing in 1866. About VF with nice eye appeal and framing.

Manhattan, Ohio, Manhattan Bank, $5, May 1, 1840, serial 278. A tougher Ohio obsolete note that should appeal to Spanish colonial collectors for the large vignette of five stacked Mexican bust 8 reales of assayer FM. VF, about 1" tear near top right corner, some pinholes.

Nashville, Bank of Tennessee, 5 cents, Dec. 1, 1861. Continuing the Spanish colonial coinage influence on American banknotes, this Civil War era Bank of Tennessee small change note bears a depiction of a Mexican bust 1/2 real of assayer TH. XF with hinge mounts on back, small stain in bottom left corner.

Jamaica, Vermont, West River Bank, $5 remainder, 1860s, PMG Choice AU 58 EPQ. Haxby-VT115G8b. The central vignette on this popular obsolete type depicts five cherubs playing on five Seated Liberty dollar coins, an element shared with the following three lower denominations. Very nice eye appeal and framing for this remainder with just a touch of handling in the upper left corners. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Jamaica, Vermont, West River Bank, $3 remainder, 1860s, PMG Choice AU 58 EPQ. Haxby-VT115G6b. Three cherubs--Writing, Painting, and Sculpture--are shown amongst three Seated Liberty dollar coins on this odd denomination obsolete. Nicely margined note with no handling readily apparent. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Jamaica, Vermont, West River Bank, $2 remainder, 1860s, PMG Choice UNC 64. Haxby-VT115G4b. Two cherubs fight around two Seated Liberty half dollars, one of which is dated to the 1850s. A single pinhole is noted in the upper left corner. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Jamaica, Vermont, West River Bank, $1 remainder, 1860s, PMG AU 53. Haxby-VT115G2b. A single cherub grasps an 1854-dated Seated Liberty half dollar on this obsolete with minor handling. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Washington D.C., Mercantile Bank, $2 remainder, no date (1860s). Haxby-DC27G4. Popular obsolete type from the nation's capital which utilized a color fading technique to transition from red to green across the design. AU+ with spurious serial, date, and signatures, hinge mounts on back.

Austin, Republic of Texas, Treasury Department, $25 Texas Navy warrant, April 23, 1841, serial 1118, payable to chief engineer George Beatty of the steamship Zavala. According to Republic of Texas Navy records, George Beatty was the chief engineer on the Zavala, the first steamship-of-war in the Texas Navy. The Zavala was built in 1836 as the Charleston, then purchased by Texas in 1838, renamed, and armed; after two years of service, she was laid up and eventually sunk in Galveston. In 1986, the wreck of the Zavala was discovered by author and explorer Clive Cussler. AU with three crosscut cancellations as usual; bold ink signatures and decent paper quality.

Washington, D.C., USA, Federal Reserve Note, $5, series of 1914, serial B55889181B, White-Mellon. Fr-851a. Nice, well-centered VF note with great paper quality.

Rosario, Argentina, Banco del Rosario de Santa Fe, 1 real, 1-10-1869, serial 45760. SCWPM-S1851a. Tougher note denominated in reales; VF with some handling yet bold ink colors and serial.

Rosario, Argentina, La Caja de Ahorros, 1 real, 1870, with oval Monasterio y CA overprint on back. SCWPM-S1931; Bauman-SFE188b. Very tough note not priced in any grade in the Standard Catalog. AU with nice centering and margin, no problems.

Belgian Congo, Banque du Congo Belge, 100 francs, 13-3-1951, serial N532939, PCGS VF 20, finest and only known example in the PCGS census. SCWPM-17d. Circulated yet boldly colored note printed by Waterlow and Sons with a front vignette of people riding elephants, annotation noted on the reverse. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Brazil, Banco Central do Brasil, specimen 1 cruzeiro, no date (1970), MODELO 002462 perforation, PMG Gem UNC 65 EPQ, finest known in the PMG census. SCWPM-191s2; CDB-C129m. Liberty head in brown, signatures of Antonio Delfim Netto and Ernane Galveas, with asterisk after serial number. A Gem note and deserving of the EPQ designation. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Bogota, Colombia, Banco Nacional, 5 pesos, 28-10-1899, series E, serial 897233, PMG VF 30. SCWPM-255; DP-222. Printed by the Litografia Nacional as part of the third and final emission. Crude printing with inconsistent ink color yet all details fully visible, nice note with a few light stains but no major problems. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Bogota, Colombia, Republica de Colombia, 10 pesos oro, 1-1-1928, series N, serial 0993784, PMG VF 25. SCWPM-373b. Circulated yet still colorful with bold inking throughout; a scarce type note that was denominated in gold pesos. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Barranquilla, Colombia, Banco de Barranquilla, 50 pesos, 26-7-1900, series O, serial 14575, PMG Very Good 8 net / paper damage, tape, ex-Eldorado. SCWPM-S260; DP-6140. Very rare note from this issuer and in a typical condition for Colombian bills of this time period. Notes from Colombian private banks in the early 1900s were traded often and printed on sub-par paper, hence most rare types are seen with heavy circulation. PMG holder notes paper damage and tape. Still possesses colorful ink, the serial and signatures faded yet with serial number fully visible. Pedigreed to the Eldorado Collection. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Barranquilla, Colombia, Banco de Barranquilla, 20 pesos, 26-7-1900, series P, serial 05638, very rare, PMG Good 4 net / paper damage, tape repairs, ex-Eldorado. SCWPM-S258, DP-7497. Colombia private bank issues of 1900 are typically heavily circulated. PMG holder mentions paper damage and tape repairs as some interior splits have been repaired with paper on the reverse. Otherwise, the ink colors are still bold and the serial number, while faded, is still visible. Printed by local printer Armenta & Prieto. Pedigreed to the Eldorado Collection. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Medellin, Colombia, Correos Nacionales, certificacion con contenido, 50 centavos, 14-5-1876. AU with two pinholes at left, very popular design with bold, colorful Colombian flag.

Sogamoso, Colombia, Banco de Sogamoso, 50 pesos remainder, 15-8-1882, series D, serial 0610, PMG AU 50. SCWPM-S844r; DP-7700. Highest denomination printed for this private bank; Parra notes this issue is only known in remainder form. Nicely centered with bold ink colors throughout its design, some paper toning. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Costa Rica, 1000 colones reverse paired with a Venezuela, Banco Central, 10 bolivares progress proof dated 18-3-1986, PMG Gem UNC 65 EPQ. SCWPM-256a (Costa Rica), 61a (Venezuela). Fascinating printer's scrap or test piece with two different country's bank note designs combined into one note! Colorful design (for both countries) with excellent paper quality. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Cuba, Republica de Cuba, 1000 pesos, 6-9-1869, series A, serial 435, PMG XF 40 net / margin staining, ex-EMO collection. SCWPM-60. The Ten Years' War, a fight for Cuban independence from Spain, began in 1868 under the leadership of Carlos Manuel de Cespedes whose signature appears at lower left as Presidente of the Republic of Cuba in Arms. In 1873, Cespedes was deposed from his position; Spanish troops eventually caught and killed him on Feb. 27th, 1874. This large format 1000 pesos note is the highest denomination issued for the series. It faces up nicely for its assigned grade with bold ink signatures and great centering, the margins are toned from age rather than staining as noted by the PMG comment. Pedigreed to the EMO collection (stated on the label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

Cuba, Junta Central Republicana de Cuba y Puerto Rico, 10 pesos, 1869, serial Z 1257, PMG VF 25 net / previously mounted, toning, ink burn, ex-EMO collection. SCWPM-63. The Junta Central Republicana de Cuba y Puerto was a New York City-based revolutionary group formed to support Cuban and Puerto Rican independence from Spain; the signatures of the group's president, Jose Morales Lemus, and its secretary, Dr. Jose Francisco Basora, are found on the lower right. They were arrested shortly after issuing these notes for violating US neutrality laws. Circulated yet possessing a bold green design with seal at lower left faded yet signatures quite illegible, toned paper with small ink burn in top margin, light mounting remnants on back. Rare high denomination note that is not priced above Fine in the Standard Catalog. Pedigreed to the EMO collection (stated on the label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

Cuba, Junta Central Republicana de Cuba y Puerto Rico, 5 pesos, 1869, serial L 4517, PMG VF 30, ex-EMO collection. SCWPM-62. Boldly printed with clear red seal at lower left (difficult to find on this series of notes) and clear signatures, nice paper quality and color. Pedigreed to the EMO collection (stated on the label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

Guayaquil, Ecuador, Banco Comercial y Agricola, 1 sucre, 15-7-1917, series AG, serial 386470. SCWPM-S126b. Somewhat tougher ABNCo-printed Ecuador private bank note. VF with nice ink colors throughout, small stain in upper left margin.

Falkland Islands, 5 pounds, 30-1-1975, Elizabeth II, serial C62657, PMG Gem UNC 66 EPQ. SCWPM-9b. Vibrant, contrasting red/green ink colors, good embossing, and great original paper quality. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Guatemala, Banco Agricola Hipotecario, 1 peso, 30-6-1920, serial 1616416, PMG Choice UNC 64. SCWPM-S101b. A very beautiful note from this private Guatemalan bank with gorgeous pink and baby blue undertones on the front populated with several large vignettes while the reverse bears the large portrait of a woman crafted in bold red ink. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Guatemala, Banco Agricola Hipotecario, 1 peso, 30-6-1920, serial 1616417, PMG Choice UNC 64. SCWPM-S101b. Consecutive example to the prior lot with well-crafted and colorful design by Waterlow & Sons for this private Guatemalan bank. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Haiti, Republique d'Haiti, 2 gourdes, 22-12-1914, series AA, serial 195094, PMG Fine 12. SCWPM-132a. Moderate circulation wear, common for Haitian notes of the time period, but overall intact paper quality. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Trujillo, Honduras, Aguan Navigation and Improvement Company, 5 pesos, 25-6-1896, serial A2995. SCWPM-S104. The Aguan Navigation & Improvement Company attempted to build an Atlantic-Pacific canal through Honduras but folded before the project could be realized. Many high denomination notes issued by the company are scarce today due in part to redemption. F/VF with some pinholes, minor rust stain on back margin.

India (British), Reserve Bank, 5 rupees, no date (1937), George VI, serial J/33 640247, PMG Choice UNC 64. SCWPM-18a. Bust of King George VI, at that time the Emperor of India. Well centered design, two staple holes in left margin. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Iran, Bank Melli, 10 rials, AH1320 (1937), serial A/K 290453, blue date stamp on back, PMG Choice UNC 64. SCWPM-33Ac. Bold design with choice margins, bust of Reza Shah to right (forced to abdicate in 1941 by British and Russian forces). Please use this link to verify the certification number

Nicaragua, Banco Central, 500 cordobas, 6-8-1984, series F, serial 0000095, PMG Gem UNC 66 EPQ. SCWPM-142. Nice, low serial number on this gem Nicaraguan note. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Panama, specimen $1,000 35-year 6-1/2-percent external secured gold bond, 1-6-1926. Unsigned bond specimen dated 1926 and due in 1961. Nice paper quality with strong embossing and color, light staining around edges, folded in center.

Paraguay, Tesoro Nacional, 4 pesos, (1865), serial 53542, PCGS Choice UNC 63. SCWPM-24. Strong, well inked blue design with wide margins cut somewhat unevenly as is typical for this type which is among the first banknotes of Paraguay. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Paraguay, Tesoro Nacional, 2 reales, no date (1865), serial 94654, PCGS XF 40. SCWPM-19. Bold black design on nice paper featuring a cross watermark, nice margins and sharp edges, nice eye appeal for the grade. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Paraguay, Republica del Paraguay, provisional 100 pesos, 26-12-1907, serial 0012159, with black oval overprint dated 11-1-1912, with Junta Fiscalizadora overprint on back, PMG Gem UNC 66 EPQ, "top pop." SCWPM-133; MP-A.A.27. Well centered design with good margins, great paper quality with substantial paper wave and embossing visible. Tied with two others for finest known in the PMG census. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Paraguay, Republica del Paraguay, provisional 100 pesos, 26-12-1907, serial 0026431, with black oval overprint dated 11-1-1912. SCWPM-134. Boldly printed UNC note with strongly embossed design and clear overprint, small spot in right margin.

Paraguay, Republica del Paraguay, front and back 50 pesos proofs on cardstock, 18-11-1899, rare. SCWPM-101p. Rare, American Bank Note Company produced proofs for Paraguay's 50 pesos note of 1899. AU with minor handling in the margins (more so on the reverse proof than the other), nice embossing seen through the cardstock.

Paraguay, Republica del Paraguay, provisional 1 peso, 14-7-1903, serial 381641, with black oval overprint dated 11-1-1912, PCGS VF 30, finest and only known example in the PCGS census. SCWPM-unlisted. A very rare discovery piece with bold 1912 overprint on the front of a 1903-dated 1 peso fuerte. Prior to seeing this note, the 2 pesos with overprint was the smallest denomination known for this provisional series; thus, the Standard Catalog currently has no classification number for this type. Modestly circulated with minor stains in the upper margin, very bold overprint and signatures. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Paraguay, Banco Central del Paraguay, 50 guaranies, 25-3-1952 (1963), serial A6466025, with additional inverted signatures error, PCGS Gem UNC 66 PPQ. SCWPM-197b. A Gem error note with bold inverted signatures across the bank's title at top. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Asuncion, Paraguay, Lezica y Lanus, 50 centimos remainder, no date (187X), PMG Choice UNC 64 EPQ. SCWPM-S181r; MP-P.P.1r. Black ink design featuring a resting dog as its central vignette printed on dark blue paper. Choice note with some wide margins. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Lima, Peru, Junta del Credito Nacional, 200 pesos, 16-11-1836, serial 18791. Among the first payment documents of the relatively young Republic of Peru. Large Peruvian coat of arms at top along with embossed stamp at bottom plus two black printed stamps, multiple signatures at bottom along with several penned annotations on back. VF+ with punch hole cancellation at center, three pinholes, toned paper.

Caracas, Venezuela, Banco Central, 500 bolivares, 23-7-1953, serial B980382, PMG VF 20. SCWPM-37b. Highest denomination issued for this series. Evenly circulated with bold ink colors. Please use this link to verify the certification number

Caracas, Venezuela, Banco Central, 10 bolivares specimen, (1963-70), PMG Gem UNC 66 EPQ. SCWPM-45s. Two POCs. Bold and well centered design with busts of Bolivar (at left) and Sucre (at right), red ESPECIMEN SIN VALOR overprint across both sides. Please use this link to verify the certification number