MEXICO, Mexico City, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, "Early Series," assayer Latin R (Rincón) at bottom between pillars, rare. Nesmith-6; Cal-115; S-M1; KM-16. 10.50 grams. Broad flan with full legends (mostly bold), some heavy corrosion as from salvage but the source wreck unknown, clear assayer R below PLVS in rounded banner, VF details with toning. With Sedwick photo-certificate.

MEXICO, Mexico City, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, "Early Series," assayer P at bottom between pillars, very rare, NGC XF 40, ex-"Golden Fleece Wreck" (ca. 1550) Research Collection. Nesmith-6d type; Cal-118; S-M4; KM-17. 13.1 grams. An impressive example of its kind with handsome deep gray toning, full legends and well struck interiors, minor edge crack. One of seven known of this type with the assayer letter P punched over an erased R beneath a rhomboid panel (that type of panel became the norm on coins struck under the three assayers after R) and a die match to the last coins struck under assayer R's tenure, thus providing a nice link between assayers. NGC label does not reflect the over-assayer nor the connection to the "Golden Fleece Wreck" (ca. 1550). Pedigreed to the "Golden Fleece Wreck" (ca. 1550) Research Collection (Sedwick Auction 4, lot 184). Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, "Early Series," assayer P to right, mintmark M to left (oMo-oPo), motto as PLVS in left-leaning rhomboid panel with one annulet in each side, rare, PCGS VF25. Nesmith-26 for type; Cal-123; S-M4; KM-17. 13.45 grams. Rich chocolate toning all over, full legends and interiors, natural indention in edge, the shield side especially attractive with unusual legend ending of REG, desirable as a straight-graded example of this rare type. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, 3 reales, Charles-Joanna, "Early Series," assayer Gothic R (Rincón) at bottom between pillars, no waves, three-dots denomination, crown outside beads, very rare, PCGS XF45, finest and only example in PCGS census. Nesmith-unl; Cal-112; S-M1; KM-13. 10.06 grams. Struck only from April of 1536 to early 1538 at the latest (and only under assayer Rincón), the 3 reales was deemed too close in size and value to the 2 reales, but ironically most specimens are broader in denomination than the 4 reales that replaced them, so these coins are rare and special. Despite some rotated doubling, this choice example shows full legends—note the almost all-Gothic lettering with the exception of the final M on the pillars side, which stands out among all the other Gothic letters—and full interior elements, the Gothic R assayer a bit indistinct but the three-dots denomination and PLVSVLT in rounded banner reasonably clear. Also worth noting is the rare legend ending on the shield side as Gothic DE, which many interpret as the beginning of DEI GRATIA. This coin is also attractively toned and particularly rare as straight-graded, in fact the finest graded by either PCGS or NGC for the three-dots variety. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of July 1999, lot 898. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, "Late Series," assayer G to right, mintmark M to left (M-G), king's name as CHAROLVS. Nesmith-50; Cal-125; S-M5; KM-18. 13.37 grams. Silvery and evenly toned XF, full legends and interiors, flan somewhat undulating around edges, a desirable earlier type from this assayer with the king's name spelled as CHAROLVS.

MEXICO, Mexico City, 4 reales, Charles-Joanna, "Late Series," assayer A to left, mintmark M to right (A-M), NGC AU 53. Nesmith-62 type; Cal-132; S-M6; KM-18. 13.05 grams. High grade for the type, with muted luster under light toning, minor staining on well-centered shield side, the pillars slightly off center, all on a broad flan with full legends and interiors. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1678 L, squarish shape with curved protrusion, very rare. S-M21; KM-46; Cal-639. 27.38 grams. Bottom half of 78 of date clearly visible as well as oML (decidedly not 8/7 and L/G, which is more common), full-weight flan with complete cross and most of shield but peripheries typically flat, lightly toned AVF overall. With collector tag M-S3-22 ("Puzzle Piece").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1687 L, odd squarish shape with protrusion in one corner, very rare, ex-Association (1707), ex-Lane. S-M21; KM-46; Cal-648. 26.26 grams. Shaped like a flag on a pole, with bold full 687 of date outside of complete oML to left, most of denomination 8 to right, small portions of shield present despite weakness, the cross slightly stronger and full (also well centered), all lightly toned and with only scattered marks and with two tiny areas of surface corrosion (otherwise VG), easily passable as non-shipwreck but particularly distinctive with an unusually extensive auction pedigree, recognized repeatedly over nearly five decades and passing through several important collections. With collector tag M-S3-34 ("Flag"). From the Association (1707), pedigreed to the original W.H. Lane & Son "The Association Coin" auction of September 1974 (lot 1017), the Club Internacional Colón auction of December 1974 (lot 104), the Jess Peters auction of April 1976 (lot 16), the Ponterio auction of April 2005 (lot 380), and the Soler i Llach auction of October 2021 (lot 1376, Plvs Vltra Collection).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1701 (L), posthumous Charles II, long and curvy shape ending in points, very rare. S-M21; KM-unl (46 for type); Cal-661. 25.52 grams. Bold full 701 of date (surely one of the clearest on record) with full oM but assayer off the flan due to its oddly curved shape (looks like the State of New Jersey), peripherally flat otherwise but with full shield and cross showing well-detailed castles despite a light strike overall, AVF with light toning and traces of verdigris. With collector tag M-S3-39 ("New Jersey"). Pedigreed to the Plvs Vltra Collection (Soler y Llach auction of October 2021, lot 1381, acquired from J.A. Herrero in July 1991).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L, odd shape with long, curved tail protruding from one end, ex-Louis Hudson. S-M21; KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.94 grams. Recognizable to cat lovers as a resting feline with its tail on the upswing, worn AVG with scattered old marks, lots of peripheral flatness but discernible shield and cross, attractively toned. With collector tag M-S4-23 ("Silver Cat"). Pedigreed to the Louis Hudson Collection of cobs struck in or cut into animal shapes, part of lot 1132 in Sedwick Auction 7*.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L, narrow barrel shape with long "horn" protruding from one end, ex-Long. S-M21; KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.54 grams. Bold full oML, king's ordinal II visible outside of most of shield, majority of the cross in evidence as well, Fine with toning in crevices, several old marks. With collector tag M-S4-15 ("Rhino"). Pedigreed to the Richard A. Long auction of August 1984 (lot 33).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L, odd squarish shape with protrusion, ex-Joanna (1682). S-M21; KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.41 grams. Clear oML to left of full shield, choice full cross, rather solid for wreck salvage with minimal corrosion (VF details), lightly toned, blunted corners (as made). With collector tag M-S3-04 ("Peninsula"). Pedigreed to the Steve Valentine Collection, from the Joanna (1682).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L, squarish shape with bubble-hole in edge. S-M21; KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 25.82 grams. Bold full oML, nearly complete shield and cross, partial date despite peripheral flatness, Fine with toned fields, trunk-like protuberance around a natural bubble hole in edge. With collector tag M-S3-12 ("Elephant").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L, very odd shape with hole in corner, Guatemala sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1839) on cross. S-M21; KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.00 grams. Very bold full oML inside of partial date (middle digits 67 or 69) located right above a hole, very sharp full countermark on other side in flat area outside of cross, lightly toned About Fine. With collector tag M-S3-25 ("Western Saddle").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer L, squarish shape with large, heart-shaped bubble-hole in center, ex-Joanna (1682). S-M21; KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 21.27 grams. Full assayer L, large natural hole in center where there would otherwise be a complete shield and cross, Fine details but worn and surface-corroded as usual for this wreck, lightly toned. With collector tag M-S1-45 ("Heart"). From the Joanna (1682), with Sedwick tag.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, profile bird shape with hole for eye, ex-Hudson, Practical Book of Cobs Plate. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.46 grams. An exceptional character cob, instantly memorable for its naturally formed bird/parrot profile, with a pronounced curved beak and erect tail, full weight and not cut down or otherwise modified later except for the addition of an astutely located piercing for an eye. Previous holes, later plugged, are in the tail (with repaired break) and feet. Clear oM mintmark to left of nearly full shield, about half of the cross, Fine with areas of flatness and attractive light toning. A highly unusual, easily recognizable, and obviously unique “presentation piece” with important pedigree, and one of the most distinctively shaped cobs in the present collection. With collector tag M-S4-21 (“Pirate’s Parrot”). Plate Coin on page 69 of The Practical Book of Cobs (4th edition, 2007), pedigreed to Sedwick Auction 6, with original lot-tag 703, and with Sedwick photo-certificate, privately acquired from Louis Hudson in 2005.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very odd shape, ex-1715 Fleet, ex-Bamberg. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 23.11 grams. Choice cross, most of shield, flat peripheries, VF with light surface corrosion on obverse only, nicely toned, desirable shipwreck origin and unique natural shape. With collector tag M-S4-20 ("Snail"). From the 1715 Fleet (John Bamberg division), pedigreed to Sedwick Auction 9 (lot 818).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, curvy, elongated shape. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.59 grams. Long, naturally curved shape resembling a worm, with most of shield and cross, bold cross pattée in legend at top, Fine for actual wear, nicely toned, definitely one of the most dramatic shapes of this collection. With collector tag M-S4-19 ("Worm"). Pedigreed to Sedwick Auction 13, with original lot-tag 980.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very odd, curvy shape. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.77 grams. Full-weight cob in a unique curved shape resembling a bald eagle, with most of cross (well centered), nearly full crown above partial shield, toned About Fine with light old marks. With collector tag M-S3-31 ("Bald Eagle").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd, long urn shape. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.20 grams. Narrow oval with one end flat and the other tapering to a side "spout," with most of cross and (off-center) shield, some legend on reverse but the peripheries otherwise flat, richly toned About Fine. With collector tag M-S2-27 ("Genie Bottle").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, long rectangular shape with small interior bubble-hole, ex-Long. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.65 grams. Good full shield and cross with distinctive fleur tips, natural bubble hole in one quadrant, flat peripheries as usual, richly toned VF. With collector tag M-S3-01 ("Hourglass"). Pedigreed to the Richard A. Long auction of August 1984 (lot 36).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd elongated shape with curved side and pointed top, two Guatemala sun-over-mountains countermarks (Type II, 1839) on shield flanking hole, rare. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.01 grams. Long flan with snout-like point to right at top, the nearly full shield and cross isolated to the "body" with hole in neck flanked above and below with identical countermarks in different depths, toned Fine. With collector tag M-S2-35 ("Otter").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd half-urn shape, "thumbprint" on cross. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.97 grams. Long, thin, rectangular shape with large, rounded hump at one end, choice full crown above most of shield, nearly full cross with swirling "thumbprint" pattern from faulty die-polishing, typically flat in peripheries, softly struck AVF with traces of verdigris, lightly toned all over. With collector tag M-S2-11 ("Hatchet").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd shape due to natural bubble-hole, ex-Joanna (1682). KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 25.98 grams. Large, squarish flan turned into an oddity by a big and crude bubble hole at edge, a good bit of cross and shield in centers but peripheries flat, practically no corrosion (F details), lightly toned. From the Joanna (1682), pedigreed to the Steve Valentine Collection, with collector tag M-S2-65 ("Venom").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd squarish shape with large bubble-hole, reverse struck from 4R die. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.23 grams. Full-weight flan with natural bubble-hole "eye" within shield / outside of undersized cross (both mostly visible), much peripheral flatness bearing old scratches on obverse, otherwise VF with contrasting toning in crevices. With collector tag M-S4-10 ("Falcon Head").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd squarish shape with long, thick protrusion, crude hole in corner, and Guatemala sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1839) on cross, ex-Almanzar. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.16 grams. Whale-profile flan (full weight) with prominent "tail," rather crude hole for "eye" at bottom of shield with denomination 8 visible to right, deep countermark (complete) on one quadrant of nearly full cross, About Fine with toning in crevices. With collector tag M-S3-24 ("Moby-Dick"). Pedigreed to the Almanzar auction of November 1981 (lot 743).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd, elongated, curvy shape with tiny protrusion. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.46 grams. VG with most of cross, off-center shield, flat peripheries harboring some light graffiti (Indonesian or Malay script) on obverse, the flan with cute little "nozzle" at one end, deeply toned. With collector tag M-S1-33 ("Soda Siphon").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, square shape with lateral protrusion. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.43 grams. Crude but nearly full shield with oM to left (protrusion to right on edge), good full cross, toned VG/AVF with traces of verdigris crust. With collector tag M-S4-8 ("El Duro").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, strange shape with oddly curved sides. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 27.30 grams. Nearly full cross, off-center shield with clear (CA)ROLVS in legend, lightly toned VF. With collector tag M-S3-38 ("Stingray").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd shape with undulating side ending in "wing-tips." KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.23 grams. Strangely "M"-shaped flan with good full cross, most of off-center shield showing clear denomination 8 inside part of king's name to right, VG with contrasting toning. With collector tag M-S3-29 ("Bat wing").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very odd shape with large bubble-hole in edge, ex-Joanna (1682). KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 21.05 grams. Bold cross and most of shield punctuated by a "bay" on the edge from a natural bubble hole, some surface corrosion but still solid, nicely toned. From the Joanna (1682), with collector tag M-S3-17 ("Bottle opener").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, elongated shape with protrusion on side. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 24.71 grams. Rectangular flan with short lateral nub (like the spur on a boot), most of cross (off center), half of shield within flat peripheries, Fine with a few black areas, light orange sediment in crevices. With collector tag M-S4-07 ("Cowboy Boot").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very odd shape with protrusion on side, holed opposite, Guatemala sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1839) on cross. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 24.50 grams. Long and slightly rectangular flan with curved sides, one of which terminates in a small nub (holed opposite), only Good for wear but with most of shield and cross, the latter next to a full and bold countermark in flat periphery, all nicely toned, faint X-scratch on "head" on obverse. With collector tag M-S4-14 ("Silver Man").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, curved urn shape (holed), with Guatemala sun-over-mountains countermark (Type II, 1839) on cross. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 23.00 grams. Some cross and shield within much peripheral flatness including the entire flared top with hole for "eye" between points (beak and plume), with bold full countermark near bottom (which caused two small edge cracks there) and light old graffiti (probably Indonesian or Malaysian, most likely applied before the countermark) to left on cross side, VG with toning in crevices, inexplicably underweight. With collector tag M-S3-05 ("Montezuma Quail").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, oddly curved urn shape. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.76 grams. Deeply toned Fine with nearly full cross and shield, the latter with king's ordinal II below. With collector tag M-S1-61 ("Santa's boot").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very long rectangular shape. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.72 grams. One of the longest, skinniest flans we have ever seen, with choice cross (nearly full) and good detail at top right of shield including side of crown and CA- of king's name, lightly toned F/VF. With collector tag M-S2-06 ("Bacon").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, long, narrow shape with curved sides. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 25.51 grams. Bold full cross and nearly full shield, nicely toned AVF with a few small spots of dark horn silver, skinny flan with side-pointed "snout" at one end. With collector tag M-S2-18 ("Seal").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd shape with pointed "feet" on flat base. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.87 grams. Worn Fair but with most of crown, shield, and cross still in evidence (also king's ordinal II), mostly darkly toned. With collector tag M-S2-30 ("Penguin").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd rectangular shape with narrow extension, ex-Joanna (1682). KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 26.41 grams. Solid flan with thickly cut sides, one end terminating in a downward-pointing snout, some cross and shield but mostly flat, minimal corrosion (otherwise Fine), with patchy toning. From the Joanna (1682), with collector tag M-S3-25 ("Horse Head").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, round with very large bubble-hole, ex-Joanna (1682). KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 25.27 grams. Thick, roundish flan with large natural void near edge, off-center cross, weak shield from light surface corrosion, toned all over. From the Joanna (1682), pedigreed to Sedwick Auction 18, with original lot-tag 413, also with collector tag M-S2-37 ("Padlock").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II or Philip V, assayer not visible, very odd shape with plugged hole. 26.75 grams. Bold cross but nearly invisible shield due to wear (Fair/VG), with open "mouth" on edge from natural bubble, plugged hole in "jaw" and star-shaped attempted hole in top of "head," lightly toned. With collector tag M-S2-13 ("Roaring Lion").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II or Philip V, assayer not visible, very odd shape with long protrusion and worn hole at one end. 23.16 grams. Shaped like the profile of a resting fat rabbit with ears erect above a well-worn "eye" hole, most of cross, oM visible but the shield too worn to show up, lightly toned Poor/Fair, a bit underweight but with edges intact. With collector tag M-S4-09 ("Rabbit"), acquired from Kent Ponterio.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1705-12, odd shape with point on side. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 25.80 grams. Choice full cross (very bold) and shield, clear denomination 8, darkly toned AVF with only a hint of surface corrosion (salvaged). With collector tag M-S3-02 ("Moai").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, odd elongated shape. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 26.97 grams. Toned VG with clear but off-center shield and cross, faint oM with indistinct assayer below (but known from the style of shield), long flan tapering to a small foot. With collector tag M-S1-28 ("Pirate’s Peg Leg").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, long and wide shape with rounded "cabo de barra" end. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 27.15 grams. Three rounded sides and one straight(-ish) top (indicative of a single cut from the end of a bar, or "cabo de barra"), nicely aligned with the nearly full shield and (weaker) cross, denomination 8 visible, Fine+ with dark sediment in crevices. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of February 1997, with original lot-tag 440, also with collector tag M-S2-41 ("Powder Flask").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, elongated shape with hump on one side, ex-1715 Fleet. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 26.97 grams. Long and narrow planchet with one side straight but the other showing a pronounced hump, most of cross and shield despite light surface corrosion (VG overall), very lightly toned. From the 1715 Fleet, via Bill Pearson, with collector tag M-S2-16 ("Kim").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, odd shape with blunted-point protrusion on side. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 25.61 grams. Non-salvage XF with light scratches in flat peripheries, bold centers of cross and shield, crazy shape with blunted protrusion slightly bent. With collector tag M-S2-40 ("Boar's Head").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, very oddly curved shape, with Asian circulation chopmark. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 23.99 grams. Strong full cross, nearly full crown above weaker shield with oM to left and 8 to right inside (PH)ILIPPV(S), VG/AVF with patchy toning, light surface corrosion, one clear chopmark on reverse. With collector tag M-S2-36 ("Chess Knight").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, large bubble-hole in center, ex-Vliegenthart (1735). S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 25.31 grams. Big flan with bold but incomplete cross and shield due to sizable central void that bears a thin "beach" on obverse, flat peripheries, very nicely toned, overall VF with only a faint hint of surface corrosion. From the Vliegenthart (1735), with collector tag M-S2-44 ("Sinkhole").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, odd urn-shape, ex-1715 Fleet, ex-Gates. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 26.37 grams. Corrosion free with frosty pristine surfaces yet all rather weakly struck (net Fine), with nearly full crown and shield but ghost of a cross, rounded sides but sharply clipped ends (as made), desirable shipwreck pedigree. From the 1715 Fleet, pedigreed to the Rupert Gates Collection (via Bill Pearson, tagged 0044), with collector tag M-S2-03 ("Gourd").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, very long rectangular shape with side hump at one end. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 28.25 grams. Most of cross and shield despite heavy wear (Good), denomination 8 and part of king's name visible, oddly overweight, contrastingly old toned. Acquired from Tony Pedraza, with collector tag M-S1-32 ("Polar Bear").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer J, style of 1714-19, small triangular bubble-hole in center. S-M22; KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 26.70 grams. Squarish flan with sharp points, small triangular void in the otherwise full and cross-castles-lions, the shield also full but cruder with bold oMJ and partial date 171? to left, 8 to right and complete crown above, VF with contrasting toning. With collector tag M-S1-62 ("Kite").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1729 R, natural bubble-pit in center. S-M24; KM-47a; Cal-1415. 26.79 grams. Roundish flan with large natural pit (like a footprint) on shield with most of crown above, clear oMR and bottoms of 729 of date to left, full cross with sunken center, toned Fine. With collector tag M-S1-63 ("Moon Step").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1730/29 R, with odd-shaped bubble-hole in center, very rare overdate. S-M24; KM-unl (47 for type); Cal-unl (Type 170). 26.55 grams. Thick and high-grade piece (lightly toned XF) with crazy natural void in center of otherwise full shield and cross, most of crown and oMR, just the bottoms of 730 of date visible with elements of 29 inside the 30 (only the second one we have seen). With collector tag M-S3-42 ("Keyhole").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1732/1 (F), squarish flan with oval bubble-hole in center, ex-Vliegenthart (1735). S-M26; KM-47a; Cal-1426. 24.65 grams. Thickly cut sides terminating in sharply pointed corners, neatly oval void below bold date with clear 2/1, most of cross and crown and shield, lightly toned AXF with minor surface corrosion. From the Vliegenthart (1735), with collector tag M-S1-45 ("Black hole").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, style of 1714-1733, with figure-eight bubble hole. KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 26.30 grams. High-grade surfaces but weakly struck (net Fine) on a roundish flan with narrow double-bubble interior void near edge reminiscent of turtle eyes, no toning. With collector tag M-S1-60 ("Donatello").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible, style of 1714-1733, oddly curved shape with holes at each end. KM-47; Cal-Type 170. 24.38 grams. Richly toned VF+ with choice full cross and shield, the latter with nearly full crown above and bold •8• to right, old scuff and scratches to left, king's ordinal V in legend, small holes at opposite ends, inexplicably underweight. With collector tag M-S1-43 ("Kidney").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer G, squarish shape with flat-ended protrusion in one corner. S-M20; KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 13.31 grams. Scarce type-coin with full assayer G to left of nearly complete shield, good full cross on other side, VF with low-contrast toning all over, curious corner-point that resembles a raptor beak in profile. With collector tag M-S2-48 ("Silver Hawk").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, strange shape with crude protrusion in side. KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 13.02 grams. Bold cross, weaker shield (both nearly full), toned AVF (accompanied by an NGC tag VF 20) with crazy protuberance on edge caused by two rounded bubble holes. With collector tag M-S3-51 ("Q*bert").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, elongated shape with narrow neck, obverse struck with 8R die, reverse struck with 2R die, rare, ex-Pasay Hoard. KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 13.59 grams. Most of undersized cross, just the top-right part of oversized shield with clear denomination 8 inside part of king's name, most of crown at top, weirdly elongated shape with rounded sides and narrow "ankle" above bulbous "foot," About Fine with much flatness, toned in crevices. From the 1690s "Pasay Hoard" in the Philippines, with collector tag M-S2-52 ("Elephant leg").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, very odd shape with four points, ex-Joanna (1682). KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 9.38 grams. Thin from corrosion (otherwise Fine) but with one full lion in cross, some shield, peripherally flat, lightly toned. From the Joanna (1682), with collector tag M-S2-53 ("Wizard Hat").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, rectangular shape with thick protrusion in one corner. KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 13.46 grams. Nearly full shield, most of cross, unevenly struck Fine with nice toning. With collector tag M-S2-54 ("Pirate Boot").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, strange curved shape with protrusion and point at ends. KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 13.51 grams. Good full cross, off-center shield above king's ordinal II, AVF with toning on straight edge next to a plugged hole in middle of that side. With collector tag M-S2-55 ("Genie Slipper").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, strange shape with odd indentation (lacuna) on side, ex-Pasay Hoard. KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 13.53 grams. VF+ with light toning, some shield and most of cross within flat peripheries, S-curve on one edge due to natural lacuna, also very shallow pit on obverse at one end. From the 1690s "Pasay Hoard" in the Philippines, with collector tag M-S3-50 ("Lobster Claw").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, narrow elongated shape with side protrusion near one end, reverse struck from 2R die. KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 13.58 grams. Most of shield and undersized cross, nicely toned Fine, neat shape. With collector tag M-S3-47 ("Dolphin"). Pedigreed to the Richard A. Long auction of August 1984 (lot 259), also with 2013 tag from Civitas Galleries.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer L (1702-5), very odd shape with knobby "cabo de barra" point. S-M21a; KM-40; Cal-Type 139. 12.55 grams. Strange flan with just one cut end and the rest naturally freeform, terminating in a small knob (end piece of the bar), full cross, bold oM and clear L to left of Philip V shield (scarce as attributable to 1702-5 only), nicely toned AVF. With collector tag M-S3-64 ("Kukri").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1705-12, strange curved shape, ex-1715 Fleet, ex-Ullian. S-M22; KM-40; Cal-Type 139. 12.90 grams. Good full cross, most of shield within the confines of a narrow, odd-shaped flan, lightly toned VF+, desirable shipwreck pedigree. From the 1715 Fleet, pedigreed to the Lou Ullian's famous "40-lb clump" (via Frank Noga 2015), with collector tag M-S3-49 ("Cardinal").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Philip V, assayer not visible (J), style of 1712-14, strange curved shape with flat-end protrusion at one end. S-M22; KM-40; Cal-Type 139. 10.91 grams. Richly toned VF with most of cross and shield, undersized flan with small "foot" from natural narrowing and cut. With collector tag M-S3-57 ("Little Penguin").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 2 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd shape with long curved tail, ex-Rudman. KM-34; Cal-Type 71. 5.30 grams. Worn (lightly toned Fair) and with little detail visible (just some shield and cross), but with uniquely long, curved "tail" that evidently served as a toothpick in its time, suspended by a hole at the other end and with decorative notches at the top of the pick. With collector tag M-S4-59 ("Sailor's Toothpick"). Pedigreed to the Isaac Rudman Collection.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 2 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, odd shape with two large protrusions, ex-Pasay Hoard. KM-34; Cal-Type 71. 6.71 grams. Nice cross and shield (both nearly full) in AXF grade, on a whimsical flan with two natural protuberances at a right angle, opposite a small blunted point. From the 1690s "Pasay Hoard" found in the Philippines, with collector tag M-S3-56 ("AT-AT Walker").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 2 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, rectangular with holed protrusion on side. KM-34; Cal-Type 71. 6.16 grams. About Fine with most of cross and shield, nice toning, crazy shape with narrow "neck" bearing an old hole, lightly toned. With collector tag M-S3-58 ("Snoopy").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 1 real, Charles II, assayer not visible, round with deep void in edge and large hole. KM-29; Cal-Type 49. 3.26 grams. Not much detail but a very cute shape with natural narrow bubble hole in edge creating a "mouth" combined with a large hole for an "eye," lightly toned VG+. With collector tag M-S3-66 ("Turtle Head").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob ½ real, Charles II, assayer not visible, round with flat tail. KM-23; Cal-Type 35. 1.69 grams. Classic "goldfish" shape (just like the snack, even the same size!) with bold full crown above off-center monogram, nearly full cross, Fine with patchy toning. With collector's tag M-S2-67 ("Goldfish").

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer F, PCGS VF35. S-M12; KM-43; Cal-664. 27.31 grams. Attractively toned, with well-detailed full shield and cross within flat peripheries ringed with several minor edge splits, bold denomination 8 to right and faint right side of assayer F to left (label says MoO in error), king's ordinal II clear in legend. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Philip III, date not visible (style of 1607-1617), assayer not visible. KM-44.3; Cal-Type 162. 27.09 grams. Deeply toned VF+ with few minor marks and scuff near edge, darkly toned all over, the shield and cross full but weak, nearly full crown and clear king's ordinal III in legend, diamond-shaped ornaments per the period.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1618/7 D/F, rare, NGC VF 30, finest and only example in NGC census. S-M18; KM-unl (44.3 for type); Cal-unl (Type 162). 26.37 grams. Fat barrel-shaped flan with full but weak shield and cross, clear D/F assayer and faint bottom half of 18 of date with fairly certain 8/7 (label only says 1618, the only one in the numerically graded census for this over-assayer in any case), patchy gray toning over luster. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1629/8 D, very rare, NGC VF 30, finest and only example in NGC census. S-M18a; KM-45; Cal-1313. 27.11 grams. Bold full 9 of date clearly punched over another 9 and an 8, full oMD and shield and (off center) cross despite flat and weak areas due to uneven thickness, lightly toned, much heavier style than a decade earlier (NGC calls it 1619/8 in error, but this would still be finest known in the census for 1629/8). Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1646/5 P, very rare. S-M19; KM-unl (45 for type); Cal-1338. 24.96 grams. Full 46/5 of date outside of full oMP, nearly full shield and cross despite lots of flatness and uneven thickness, blunted point on edge, Fine with very light toning.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1648 P, very rare. S-M19; KM-45; Cal-1343. 27.16 grams. Barrel-shaped flan with uneven thickness and part of edge slightly bent, full oMP inside of weak date (clear when viewed at an angle), nearly full shield and cross, two test-cuts on edge and chopmark on upper castle as circulated in Asia, very lightly toned Fine.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1670 G, very rare. S-M20; KM-46; Cal-630. 26.98 grams. Full oMG inside of clear bottom of 70 of date, good full cross and most of (off-center) shield, Fine with faint rainbow toning.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible. KM-46; Cal-Type 108. 24.05 grams. Long rectangular shape, with nearly full cross and most of shield but otherwise flat, lightly toned but a bit surface-corroded (probably from the Joanna wreck of 1682).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1732/1 F. S-M26; KM-47a; Cal-1426. 26.15 grams. Thick flan with 100% full date (even including the ornaments, hence •1732•) and blatant overdate, full mintmark oM, most of shield and crown and full but off-center cross, toned XF+ details with areas of surface corrosion (probably from the Vliegenthart of 1735).

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1732 F. S-M26; KM-47a; Cal-1427. 25.60 grams. Very full and bold date, full oM, off-center shield and cross, VF details but corroded surfaces (probably from the Vliegenthart of 1735), with dark oxidation in some crevices.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1732 F. S-M26; KM-47a; Cal-1427. 25.96 grams. Neatly rectangular flan with one side cut twice, bold full date with re-punched 2, nearly full crown and shield and cross, some moderate corrosion (probably from the Vliegenthart of 1735), with some dark encrustation, VF details overall.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 8 reales, 1733/2 F. S-M26; KM-47a; Cal-1428. 26.69 grams. Full oMF and date with fairly clear 3/2 (desirable final date of Mexican cobs), good full cross, off-center shield, thick flan with peripheral flatness, VF otherwise with some verdigris and encrustation.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer O below mintmark oM to left. S-M11; KM-36; Cal-505. 13.71 grams. Broad-flan XF with choice full cross-castles-lions harboring hints of luster, full but slightly off-center shield with complete oMO to left, some peripheral flatness.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer O below mintmark oM to right. S-M11; KM-36; Cal-506. 12.05 grams. Well-detailed full cross and shield (the latter slightly doubled) with full oMO to right, lightly toned VF with localized corrosion near edge.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, 1611/0 F, very rare. S-M17; KM-unl (37.2 for type); Cal-unl (Type 146). 13.70 grams. Broad-flan XF, bright from cleaning, with great full shield and cross-castles-lions, clear oMF and 4, peripheries flat except for bottom half of 11/0 of date.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, 1611 F, no overdate, extremely rare, NGC AU 58, finest known in NGC census. S-M17; KM-37.2; Cal-756. 13.69 grams. Choice, sharply detailed full shield and nearly full cross, bold oM, very clear bottom half of 611 of date (decidedly not 1/0, actually much rarer without the overdate) within flat peripheries that are super smooth per the grade, attractive red-gold toning in crevices. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 4 reales, Charles II, assayer not visible, shield side struck from 8R die, cross side struck from 2R die, very rare. KM-39; Cal-Type 91. 10.22 grams. Lightly toned, mostly flat and only Good for wear but with very clear denomination 8 inside king's name (CAR)OLV(S) in oversized letters (8R die), about 30% visible of under-sized cross (2R die), first example we have seen of this crazy muling.

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer O below denomination ij to right, mintmark oM to left, NGC AU details / environmental damage. S-M11; KM-31; Cal-355. 6.76 grams. Choice full shield with bold oM to left and denomination-assayer to right (unusual arrangement) with the O somewhat tilted to fit the space, the cross also full but slightly doubled, much legend, mostly toned, trivial faint porosity in flat peripheries that should be inconsequential. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, cob ½ real Royal (galano), 1715 J, rare. S-M22; KM-R24; Cal-191. 1.67 grams. VF+ with typical full details on perfectly round flan, four holes at top, bottom, and sides (the bottom one crude and clearly well used), very lightly toned.

MEXICO, Mexico City, klippe 8 reales, 1733 MF, PCGS XF40. S-M28; KM-48; Cal-1431. 26.82 grams. Richly toned, with full inner details, the flan fortuitously cut so that it shows the full king's name and date, a premium example for the grade. Please use this link to verify the certification number

MEXICO, Mexico City, klippe 8 reales, 1733 MF, NGC XF 40. S-M28; KM-48; Cal-1431. 26.70 grams. Broad flan cut in a perfect square with each corner clipped, choice full inner details and nearly full legends, the king's name particularly complete and prominent due to slightly off-center strike, attractive contrasting toning throughout. Please use this link to verify the certification number

PERU, Lima, 4 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón) to left, motto PL-VSV-LT. S-L1; KM-10.1; Cal-495. 10.40 grams. Full interior details in XF grade but with parts of edge lost to corrosion (legend endings uncertain), mottled toning, still desirable as the largest practical denomination of this brief series (the first coinage of Peru).

PERU, Lima, 2 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón) to left, motto PL-VSV-TR, legends HISPA / NIARVM. S-L1; KM-8; Cal-333. 6.24 grams. Choice full details including 100% legends and crown, also richly toned and no worse than XF-, but with a few old scratches and hole near edge (to left of design on both sides), the A in INDIARVM curiously placed upside down (first instance of that we have seen).

PERU, Lima, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, *-8 (round top) to left, P-oD to right. S-L4; KM-14; Cal-654. 27.16 grams. Full crown and much legend, also full cross and shield but all a bit doubled, the *-8 and P-oD clear nonetheless, VF with contrasting toning.

PERU, Lima, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-(8) to left, *-oD to right. S-L4; KM-14; Cal-655. 24.98 grams. Full inner details and nearly full crown and legends, steel-gray VF but with light surface corrosion all over, some old scratches under the toning.

PERU, Lima, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, P-4 to left, *-oD to right, NGC AU 55. S-L4; KM-11; Cal-501. 13.70 grams. Very broad flan with complete crown and legends, sharply detailed full interior elements with just a hint of doubling, attractively toned, currently tied with three others for second finest in the NGC census behind a single MS 62. Please use this link to verify the certification number

PERU, Lima, cob ½ real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, oD to left, P to right, * above and below monogram. S-L4; KM-unl (5 for type); Cal-118. 1.63 grams. Well-detailed VF with bold oD-monogram-P and stars above and below, most of king's name in legend, full cross-castles-lions, contrastingly toned.

PERU, Lima, cob ¼ real, Philip II, assayer Diego de la Torre, * to right of castle, P to left of lion, NGC AU details / environmental damage. S-L4; KM-unl (2 for type); Cal-unl (Type 56). 0.8 gram. Scarce variety, broad flan with much legend (rare thus), bold mintmark P, full but weaker interior details, nicely toned, much more solid than most and technically among the top graded despite the "details" limiter. Please use this link to verify the certification number

PERU, Lima, cob 4 reales, 1659 V, mintmark * above LIMA, V to left and 4 to right, rare, PCGS VF details / environmental damage, ex-Pat Johnson, ex-Americas. S-L5; KM-17; Cal-1013. 13.46 grams. Thick, octagonal flan with choice full cross-castles-lions, full waves and all but the tops of both pillars, bold assayer •V• to left and complete but weaker *, LIMA, and date in middle, richly toned and probably not salvaged despite the PCGS limiter. Pedigreed to the Pat Johnson Collection (stated on label) and to the Americas Collection (Kagin's auction of August 1983, lot 1024). Please use this link to verify the certification number

PERU, Lima, cob 8 reales Royal (galano), 1689 V, single dot at top, very rare, NGC XF 45. S-L8; KM-R24; Cal-582. 27.25 grams. Typically broad-flan strike with full legend of CAROLVS • II • D•G• HISPANIARVM REX around choice cross-castles-lions, the full pillars-and-waves a bit off-center and with doubling in crown and legend above, lovely toning all over and particularly rare as unholed, apparently different dies from Lázaro-5 (R2), the nicest Lima galano we have seen in a while and particularly desirable as a fresh coin on the market. Please use this link to verify the certification number

PERU, Lima, cob 2 reales, 1697 H. S-L13; KM-21; Cal-355. 6.33 grams. Good full cross (slightly off center), nice tops of pillars with clear date and assayer despite doubling on that side, toned VF+ with peripheral flatness.

PERU, Lima, cob 2 reales, 1741 V, ex-Ugaz. S-L22; KM-32a; Cal-755. 5.96 grams. Broad flan with full pillars (scarce for this period) showing clear date and both assayers, nearly full cross, three mintmarks, just a bit worn (VG) and with some peripheral flatness. Pedigreed to the Jorge Ugaz Collection.

PERU, Lima, cob ½ real, 1718, NGC VF details / environmental damage. S-L20; KM-30; Cal-148. 1.79 grams. Choice example with 100% full cross, monogram, and date, richly toned, typically slightly porous surfaces but overall much better than most of this type. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-5.1; Cal-672. 27.22 grams. Well-detailed full shield and cross-and-tressure (the latter with distinctive "four-window castles" per Sellschopp 182-183 / Paoletti 83-84), full denomination inside of king's name, also full P-B to left but that side with some doubling, lightly rainbow-toned AU-.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer A, NGC XF 40. S-P11; KM-5.1; Cal-674. 27.15 grams. Bold full P-A, choice full crown, the cross and shield also complete but the former doubled and the latter with flat areas, parts of king's name in legend. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip II, assayer B (5th period, early style), NGC XF details / cleaned. S-P14; KM-unl (5.1 for type); Cal-672. 27.33 grams. Very broad flan with nearly full legends and crown (couple flat spots), complete and well-detailed shield, full but doubled cross-castles-lions, deep natural toning all over (disguising whatever cleaning NGC seems to have perceived). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer Q. S-P17; KM-10; Cal-916. 26.09 grams. Very bold full P-Q, rather doubled shield, full but off-center cross, Fine with traces of verdigris and encrustation.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M/Q, rare. S-P18; KM-10; Cal-918. 24.52 grams. Very bold full P-M/Q, the cross and shield complete but lightly corroded (otherwise VF), toned in crevices. From the Atocha (1622), with original Fisher tag 85A-236831 (certificate missing).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M (pre-dated type). S-P18; KM-10; Cal-919. 27.13 grams. Very bold full P•M, complete but slightly off-center cross-and-tressure, partially flat full shield with barely detectable plug at top, AVF with contrasting toning in crevices, accompanied by an NGC VF details tag.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip III, assayer M (pre-dated type), spelling error in legend. S-P18; KM-10; Cal-919. 26.28 grams. Good full cross, doubled full shield with much legend on that side including king's ordinal III followed by DG and an inexplicable DYHISPANYA(RVM), VF with spots of toning.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1617 M, date at 1-3 o'clock, very rare, ex-Trastámara. S-P19; KM-10; Cal-921. 26.85 grams. Choice full cross with bold 161 of date in rare position, the shield also complete and well detailed with very bold M to left, attractively toned VF+. Pedigreed to the Trastámara Collection (Aureo & Calicó auction of December 2016, with original lot-tag 383).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1617 M, date at 7-8 o'clock, denomination as O-III-V, rare, NGC F details / environmental damage, ex-Almenara. S-P19; KM-10; Cal-921. 25.61 grams. Complete date in error position outside of good full cross-and-tressure, atypically complete and well-detailed crown above slightly off-center shield with clear P•M to left and error denomination to right, mostly toned, surfaces scrubbed to remove horn silver at some point. Pedigreed to the Almenara Collection (stated on label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1618 T, denomination as O-V-III, large mintmark, quadrants of cross transposed, rare. S-P21; KM-10; Cal-926. 24.99 grams. Crude flan of uneven thickness with crack in edge, bold full shield with oversized mintmark to left and error denomination to right, bold full 8 of date outside of corroded cross, XF details overall. From the Atocha, with original Fisher tag 85A-198317 (certificate missing).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip III, no date (1621), assayer not visible (T), quadrants of cross transposed ("flat" lions), extremely rare. S-P21; KM-unl (10 for type); Cal-unl (Type 165). 26.60 grams. Interesting coin with characteristic lions and other details that point to ca. 1621 but also with clear REX followed by ornament at end of legend, hence simply engraved without date (per Paoletti 160), full cross and shield but both a bit doubled, richly toned AVF.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer T (late 1620s), quadrants of cross transposed ("flat" lions). S-P24; KM-19a; Cal-Type 327. 27.06 grams. Well-detailed full shield with bold •P•T• to left, choice but off-center cross with clear A(N)O 16(Z?) in legend, thick and small-diameter flan, attractively toned XF+.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer T (late 1620s), "hunched over" lions. S-P24; KM-19a; Cal-Type 327. 26.17 grams. Superb full cross-castles-lions, the shield also well detailed but slightly doubled at top left, full denomination O-VIII to right, deeply toned XF.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1628 P/T, "hunched over" lions, rare, ex-Ponte. S-P25; KM-19a; Cal-1448. 25.00 grams. Bottom three-quarters of digits of date 1628 clear, full but partially flat cross and shield, complete •P•P/T• (the P/T certain, decidedly not T/P, which also exists for this date), lightly toned VF on an unevenly thick flan. Pedigreed to the Luis R. Ponte Collection.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1628 P, "hunched over" lions. S-P25; KM-19a; Cal-1449. 27.13 grams. VF with low-contrast toning, complete shield and cross with bold bottom half of 8 of date, full •P•P•.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1632 T, cross-fleury ornaments, very rare. S-P26; KM-19a; Cal-1457. 27.01 grams. Clear •P+T• and +8+ flanking well-detailed shield (the +'s being crosses fleury), slightly doubled full cross with fairly clear 32 of date, non-toned XF+ with edge split. Paoletti (who calls the cross fleury "St Andrews cross" in error) shows an example of this 1632 issue as number 189 but does not mention the ornaments because they are not visible on his coin, and for a long time researchers believed this special ornament was only known on issues of 1630 and 1631, whereas the present coin proves that the crosses fleury lasted a year longer, perhaps only in the form of the marriage of a new 1632 reverse with an obverse from 1631 (as the erstwhile cross fleury after the date is not visible on this coin).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1645/4, assayer not visible, very rare. S-P29 or 30; KM-unl (19a for type); Cal-unl (Type 327). 26.29 grams. Nice full shield and cross-and-tressure despite minor doubling, with edge crack over assayer (looks like TR) but last digit of date clear and showing a certain overdate (only the second we have seen), attractively toned AXF.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, Philip IV, assayer not visible (mid-1640s), "furry" lions, NGC VF details / environmental damage. KM-19a; Cal-Type 327. 25.65 grams. Somewhat crude strike with much flatness and some peripheral doubling (also edge crack) but with bold 16 of date in small digits and deeply toned. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1646 V/TR, very rare. S-P32; KM-unl (19a for type); Cal-unl (Type 327). 26.23 grams. Crude Fine with some dark toning, plugged hole near edge, the shield and cross full, with most of assayer visible (under-assayer not 100% certain) and bold 64 of date in small digits (last digit assumed).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1647, assayer not visible. KM-19a; Cal-Type 327. 26.34 grams. Non-toned AU+ with sharp details in the full shield and nearly full but slightly off-center cross, fairly clear 647 of date in larger numbers in legend (hence probably assayer Z, albeit not visible), a couple peripheral flat spots and edge split.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, (1649-50) O, with crowned-G countermark on shield. S-P35; KM-19b; Cal-Type 327. 27.95 grams. Broad-flan VF with full countermark near center of slightly doubled full shield with bold assayer O to left, full cross-and-tressure despite flat areas, traces of oxidation near parts of edge (but does not appear to be sea salvage).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1651 O, with crowned-L countermark on cross. S-P35; KM-19b; Cal-1489. 26.72 grams. Very broad flan with Royal-like strike in choice grade (lustrous AU, no toning), complete crown and legends (date weak, straddling an edge crack) including king's name and ordinal PHELIPVS IIII, full •P•O• and •8O•, also with 100% complete and very sharp countermark, a lovely specimen to be sure.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1651 O, with crowned-o (lower case) countermark on cross, rare. S-P35; KM-19b; Cal-1489. 26.15 grams. Full cross-and-tressure with bold date and countermark, clear P-O and 8-O flanking off-center shield with complete PHILIPPVS IIII in legend, AVF with toning in crevices.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1651 O, with crowned-•F• (four dots) countermark on shield. S-P35; KM-19b; Cal-1489. 26.45 grams. Choice but off-center full shield with bold countermark, •P•O• and •8•O• and king's name and ordinal PHILIPPVS•IIII, well-centered full cross with clear date, nicely toned AVF with neat hole near edge (to right of design on both sides), light graffiti in legends (probably Malay script from circulation in Malaysia/Indonesia).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1651 O, with crowned-script-Z countermark on shield, rare, NGC VF 35, c/s XF standard, "top pop." S-P35; KM-19b; Cal-1489. 26.76 grams. Remarkably full countermark at very edge above choice full shield with complete •P•O• and •8•O•, bold king's ordinal IIII in legend, also with 100% full and bold date outside of complete cross, great old toning, tied with just one other for finest known in the NGC census, a super non-salvage example with a rare countermark. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1651 E, with crown-alone countermark on shield, NGC VF details / tooled, c/s XF standard. S-P36; KM-19b; Cal-1491. 26.26 grams. Nearly full countermark within slightly crude shield showing bold 8-E to right inside of king's name PHILIPPVS in legend, choice but off-center cross with bold date outside, old mark in flat periphery on that side, nicely old toned with good contrast all over. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón) to left. S-P1; KM-4.2; Cal-518. 12.21 grams. Broad-flan XF with full crown and legends including PHILIPPVS, bold denomination o-iiii, well-detailed full shield and cross, doubled to left of shield, light surface corrosion, deeply toned.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer M (small) to right, rare, NGC VF details / holed. S-P2; KM-4.2; Cal-521. 13.50 grams. Broad flan, well-detailed full shield and cross, clear denomination o-iiii to left and assayer M to right, tiny hole near top of cross / bottom of shield, deeply toned. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer L (1st period) below mintmark P to left, NGC AU details / cleaned, ex-Almenara. S-P3; KM-4.2; Cal-522. 13.89 grams. Very broad flan with full legends and choice inner details, slightly doubled on assayer and bottom of cross, high grade with light natural toning (no evidence of cleaning that we can tell). Pedigreed to the Almenara Collection (stated on label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer L (1st period) below mintmark P to left, ex-Bir. S-P3; KM-4.2; Cal-522. 13.26 grams. Well toned over slight surface porosity, choice strike with AU details in the sharp full shield and cross, bold P-L, a lovely coin despite the minor surface damage. Pedigreed to the Mark Bir Collection (Sedwick Auction 6, with original lot-tag 895 and Mark Bir tag).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer B (1st period), "flat" lions, ISPANIARVM without H. S-P4; KM-4.2; Cal-525. 13.76 grams. Broad-flan AU with very bold and sharp full shield and cross, nearly full legends and crown, a bit doubled on the assayer, interesting minor variety lacking the little o above the iiii in the denomination.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer A. S-P11; KM-4.2; Cal-527. 13.64 grams. Lightly toned XF with bold P-A and denomination o-iiii, well-detailed full shield and cross-and-tressure.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip II, assayer A, 2R-sized mintmark and assayer, rare. S-P11; KM-4.2; Cal-527. 13.52 grams. Rather broad flan with choice full crown, full but partially flat cross-and-tressure and shield with bold P-A (in small letters, an unrecorded variety) to left and denomination o-iiii to right, deeply toned AU.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip III, assayer M (pre-dated type or date not visible). KM-9. 13.60 grams. Bold full P-M, complete but slightly off-center shield and cross, lightly toned VF.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, Philip III, no date (1621), assayer T, quadrants of cross transposed, "flat" lions, king's name in reverse legend, unique(?). S-P21; KM-unl (9 for type); Cal-unl (Type 149). 13.43 grams. Bold full shield with P+T to left, also full cross with 1621-style lions and clear bottom of (P)HILIPVS in legend (first we have seen with king's name in reverse legend), therefore struck without date (a known error for this year in 8 reales—see lot 692 in this auction), VF with area of greenish encrustation near edge.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón) to left. S-P1; KM-3.2; Cal-364. 4.78 grams. Broad flan with full crown and legends in addition to the interiors, well-struck XF+ details but with light surface corrosion, toned on reverse and near part of edge on obverse, first coinage of mint.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer L (1st period) below mintmark P to left, denomination over P-M to right, rare. S-P3; KM-3.3; Cal-unl (Type 127). 6.36 grams. Choice full cross-and-tressure, bold P-L punched over faint denomination ii to left of well-detailed full shield, weaker ii denomination punched over previous P-M to right, XF+ with hint of porosity, deeply toned around edge.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, Philip II, assayer B (3rd period). S-P10; KM-3.2; Cal-370. 6.61 grams. Sharply detailed full cross and shield with bold P-B to left and ii to right, lightly toned XF+ with faintly porous surfaces.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, 1617 M, obverse legend error, unique. S-P19; KM-8; Cal-629. 6.74 grams. Very broad, thin flan with crude edge at top (as made), bold assayer to left of doubled shield, clear 17 of date above full cross, but particularly interesting for the fact that the shield side shows ET INDIARVM in lieu of the king's name (first time we have seen this error), low-contrast VF with traces of luster, spots of verdigris.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, 1637 (T or TR), rare. KM-14a; Cal-Type 239. 6.51 grams. Bold full 637 of date outside of off-center cross, well-detailed full shield, AVF with uneven toning and verdigris, straight cut on part of edge possibly indicative of clipping.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, Philip IV, assayer TR, upper half of shield transposed, rare. KM-14a; Cal-Type 239. 6.68 grams. Bold assayer (ca. 1640) to left of full shield with egregious error more characteristic of 20 years prior, also full cross, lightly toned Fine with some dark areas in crevices.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer R (Rincón) to right. S-P1; KM-2.1; Cal-238. 3.32 grams. Broad flan with much legend, bold P-R to right and denomination I to left of well-detailed full shield, nice full cross-and-tressure, AXF with light toning and sediment in crevices, first issue of mint.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 1 real, Philip II, assayer B/L/? (1st period), no eagles in Naples-Sicily, 2R-sized "flat" lions, NGC VF 30, ex-Almenara. S-P4; KM-2.2; Cal-unl (Type 91). 3.33 grams. Choice full cross-and-tressure with "flat" lions sized for a 2 reales, weaker full shield lacking eagles in the upper-right diagonals, with bold P-B to left featuring an oversized B to cover a large L that itself was punched over something else (possibly R or M, but label just says assayer B in any case), lightly toned. Pedigreed to the Almenara Collection (stated on label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 1 real, 1617 M, rare, NGC F 12, ex-Almenara. S-P19; KM-7; Cal-507. 3.09 grams. Bold 617 of date outside of full cross (off center), crude full shield with P•M to left, lightly toned on fields. Pedigreed to the Almenara Collection (stated on label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 1 real, Philip IV, assayer T/P (late 1620s), quadrants of cross transposed, rare, NGC AU details / rev cleaned. S-P24; KM-12a; Cal-unl (Type 201). 3.45 grams. Small, thick flan with bold full cross-lions-castles and shield, strong P-T to left with clear T/P like what we have seen for the date 1628 (label just says T, misattributed to Philip III), lightly toned in crevices. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 1 real, (1649-50) O. S-P35; KM-12b; Cal-Type 201. 4.30 grams. Full P-O (scarce), most of cross and shield despite peripheral flatness, deeply toned VF+.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1652 E, Transitional Type III/A, rare, NGC XF 40. S-P37; KM-A20.3; Cal-unl. 26.77 grams. Choice, Royal-like interior details (complete and minimally doubled) plus lots of legend, but with clearly non-Royal edge (non-round and with small cracks), yet rather broad, extending past the outer border on the slightly off-center full shield side (also slightly doubled), enabling a complete king's name and ordinal PHILIPPVS IIII, variety with three dots above F-8-III and two dots below the 8, full date in legend, particularly rare as non-salvage (shows as "top pop" in NGC but only because it is not fully attributed as "3 line E.E" as it should be). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 1 real, 1652 E, Transitional McLean Type II. S-P37; KM-B13.2; Cal-748. 2.52 grams. Cute turnip shape with full and bold pillars-and-waves and clear F-I-IIII and E-I-E, off-center shield with bold O-E-2 to right, most of crown above, contrastingly toned VF.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, denomination set of 8-4-2-1-½ reales, 1688 VR, ex-Sellschopp. S-P39. 52.07 grams total. Date-matched denomination sets are very hard to assemble these days, and many of the Sellschopp sets like this one have been long since broken up. What stands out most in this one is the 4 reales, with three dates and choice full cross, but all the other denominations also have multiple dates (yes, even the ½ real) and nice details, the average grade being VF, with generally attractive toning, a premium set even without the famous pedigree. Pedigreed the Sellschopp collection (Swiss Bank Corp. auction of September 1988, lot 810) and to Sedwick Auction 10, with original lot-tag 789, also Sedwick Auction 16, with original lot-tag 617.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales "quasi-Royal," 1656 E, PH at top, denomination •8• above cross, NGC VF details / environmental damage. S-P37a; KM-21; Cal-1513. 27.39 grams. Very broad and nearly round flan with lots of legend including full four-digit date, but with slightly uneven edge, full and well-centered pillars-and-waves and cross-castles-lions, curious variety with main date showing a very small (2R-sized) digit 5 above the waves and large 6 within the waves, three dates overall, good contrast from dark toning in crevices, also with trace of encrustation near edge. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1657 E, PH at top, denomination •8• above cross, ex-Trastámara. S-P37a; KM-21; Cal-unl (Type 334). 26.11 grams. Choice full cross-castles-lions, very bold full waves and complete pillars with doubling at top left, all three dates and mintmarks and assayers visible, VF with contrasting toning. Note: Both dates on pillars side look like possible overdates, but we cannot make out the under-digit, which does not appear to be a 6. Pedigreed to the Trastámara Collection (Aureo & Calicó auction of May 2017, with original lot-tag 556).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1657 E, no PH, pomegranate at top on both sides, PCGS XF40. S-P37a; KM-21; Cal-1519. 27.55 grams. Full but doubled cross, 100% complete pillars-and-waves with clear • • at top, all three dates and mintmarks and assayers visible, bold king's ordinal IIII, muted luster, traces of toning in some crevices. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1658 E, pomegranate at top on both sides, PCGS XF40, ex-Rutherford. S-P37a; KM-21; Cal-1520. 26.86 grams. Richly toned (low contrast, some sediment), with well-centered full pillars-and-waves (slightly doubled) and cross-castles-lions, three dates including full 1658 in legend, surely one of the finest known (worthy of a higher grade, in our opinion). Pedigreed to the S.P. Rutherford Collection (stated on label). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1658 E, pomegranate at top on both sides. S-P37a; KM-21; Cal-1520. 28.20 grams. Good full pillars and (double-struck) waves with full POTOSI in legend, full but partially flat cross due to uneven thickness (some old marks in flat areas), all three dates and mintmarks and assayers visible, VF with traces of toning in crevices, clear pomegranate above cross (the one above the pillars indistinct).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales Royal (galano), 1659 E, rare, NGC XF details / holed. S-P37a; KM-R21; Cal-1425. 26.74 grams. Very choice example on a broad flan extending past the outer border on the cross side, with typically complete details throughout (including the crowns and legends) and clear solid inner rings per the date (for galano dies only), an exact die match with Lázaro 159 (R3), also with lovely old patina and practically no doubling, holed to right of the cross / near top of pillars, very pretty and of a quality that is in high demand at present. Pedigreed to the Ponterio auction of March 1996 (lot 1145). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1664 E, NGC VF 35. S-P37a; KM-21; Cal-1528. 27.1 grams. Broad flan with luster and sharp details consistent with a higher grade than given, choice full pillars-and-waves (with rotated double-strike on left side) featuring a complete crown above, most of the crown above the full cross-castles-lions as well, all three dates and assayers visible. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1667 E. S-P37b; KM-26; Cal-698. 24.45 grams. Excellent full cross-castles-lions and 100% complete pillars, two dates and assayers, parts of all three mintmarks, nicely toned XF with faint trace of surface porosity.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales Royal (galano), 1670 E, NGC VF details / holed, ex-Jones (Plate Coin). S-P37b; KM-R26; Cal-666. 26.70 grams. Broad flan with full legends, choice cross side with full and well-centered details matching Lázaro 184 (that side only, rated R2), the pillars side also nice but doubled on the left side, richly toned and attractive (in fact more like XF in our opinion), holed at top of cross / left of pillars. Pedigreed to the Dr. Peter Jones collection (stated on label, Sedwick Auction 28, with original lot-tag 599), plated on pages 141 and 177 of his book The First Coins of the Americas (2020), and to Sedwick Auction 10, with original lot-tag 782. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1674 E, NGC XF 45, finest known in NGC census. S-P37b; KM-26; Cal-705. 27.20 grams. Richly toned, with full but somewhat flat pillars-and-waves and cross (the latter slightly off center), three dates including a very bold full 1674 in legend, two assayers, three mintmarks. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1678 E, ex-Pasay Hoard. S-P37b; KM-26; Cal-711. 25.53 grams. Well-centered full pillars-and-waves with peripheral flatness, off-center cross, two dates and assayers, lightly encrusted VF, one of very few Potosí cobs known from this hoard.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1685 VR, ex-Pasay Hoard. S-P40; KM-26; Cal-726. 27.54 grams. Good full pillars-and-waves with two bold dates on that side, third date below slightly off-center cross that is somewhat encrusted (as found), otherwise VF+ with edge split, one of very few Potosí cobs known from this hoard.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1687 VR. S-P40; KM-26; Cal-729. 27.86 grams. Full but off-center pillars-and-waves with two clear dates on that side, third date below double-struck cross, two full mintmarks and assayers, lightly toned AXF with small edge crack.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1691 VR. S-P40; KM-26; Cal-734. 25.84 grams. Choice full pillars-and-waves, double-struck cross, three dates and mintmarks, two assayers, CAR- of king's name, AVF with patchy toning.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1691 VR, ex-Pasay Hoard. S-P40; KM-26; Cal-734. 26.34 grams. Chunky flan with full pillars, slightly off-center cross, two dates, three mintmarks and assayers, but all a bit crudely encrusted (VF+ otherwise), one of very few Potosí cobs known from this hoard.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1691 VR, ex-Pasay Hoard. S-P40; KM-26; Cal-734. 26.34 grams. Full cross-castles-lions and pillars-and-waves (the latter slightly off center), with two dates and assayers under encrustation (VF otherwise), one of very few Potosí cobs known from this hoard.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1691 VR, ex-Pasay Hoard. S-P40; KM-26; Cal-734. 27.62 grams. Well-centered full pillars-and-waves and cross-castles-lions, with green encrustation all over (VF otherwise), one of very few Potosí cobs known from this hoard.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1695 VR. S-P40; KM-26; Cal-738. 27.07 grams. Well-centered and 100% full pillars-and-waves and cross (some weak areas in both), two dates and assayers, three mintmarks, AVF with dark toning in crevices.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1698 F. S-P42; KM-26; Cal-744. 26.45 grams. Deeply toned VF with bold full pillars, nearly full cross, three dates and mintmarks, typically chunky with peripheral flatness.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1698 F. S-P42; KM-26; Cal-744. 27.20 grams. Full cross and pillars-and-waves (the latter slightly off-center but with choice tops and crown), two dates, three assayers, AVF with light contrasting toning.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales Royal (galano), 1708 Y, very rare, NGC VF details / holed, scratches, finest and only example in NGC census. S-P43a; KM-R31; Cal-1480. Bold full cross-castles-lions matching Lázaro 249 (rated R3), the full pillars-and-waves somewhat doubled and not possible to die match, all three dates and mintmarks and assayers visible, contrasting black toning, first example we have offered of this date (with no others appearing in the NGC census). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1740 M, PCGS AU53. S-P47; KM-31a; Cal-1578. 26.26 grams. Chunky flan with very three-dimensional full cross, slightly off-center full pillars-and-waves, sloping (flat) peripheries, frosty surfaces lacking any noticeable wear or toning. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1742 C, PCGS AU53. S-P49; KM-31a; Cal-1583. 27.15 grams. Full pillars and cross on a very chunky flan with edge cracks, two dates and mintmarks, three assayers, very lightly toned, with area of natural roughness on pillars side. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1743 C, rotated double strike. S-P49; KM-31a; Cal-1584. 26.68 grams. Chunky but well-detailed XF with nice toning, both sides chaotic due to 90-degree rotated double strike (rare thus).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1745 q, PCGS AU50. S-P50; KM-31a; Cal-1588. 26.82 grams. Well-centered strike on a chunky flan with bold full cross and 100% complete pillars, three mintmarks, very lightly toned. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1748 q, PCGS AU50. S-P50a; KM-40; Cal-510. 27.98 grams. Chunky flan with choice full cross-castles-lions, full but doubled pillars-and-waves, three dates, lightly toned but devoid of wear (closer to Mint State in our opinion). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1751 q, PCGS AU50. S-P52; KM-40; Cal-518. Very chunky flan with several tiny cracks in edge, bold full pillars and cross within flat peripheries, two dates. Note: weight not specified on label. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1752 q, NGC AU details / stained. S-P52; KM-40; Cal-522. 27.68 grams. Very crude, chunky, and somewhat rectangular flan with full cross and pillars (with complete tops), all three mintmarks and assayers, technically UNC in our opinion. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 8 reales, 1754 C+q, PCGS AU53. S-P53; KM-40; Cal-528. 26.87 grams. Chunky flan with good full pillars, nearly full cross, three mintmarks, two clear assayers (one of each, but the q not mentioned on the label), lightly toned all over. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1665 E, NGC XF details / environmental damage. S-P37a; KM-18; Cal-1132. 13.70 grams. Choice full cross and pillars-and-waves despite some flat areas, three dates, patchy dark toning, edge crack. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1668 E, ex-Ponte. S-P37b; KM-25; Cal-511. 13.85 grams. Broad flan with extensive peripheral flatness but remarkably full and bold 1668 in legend, also full 68 and bold denomination .4. between pillars, most of cross with clear E to right, lightly toned VF overall. Pedigreed to the Luis R. Ponte Collection (Sedwick Auction 36, lot 703).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1670 E. S-P37b; KM-25; Cal-513. 12.86 grams. Choice full cross-castles-lions (albeit slightly off center) and full pillars-and-waves with very bold 1670 date in legend (both of the other dates also visible), VF with contrasting toning over lightly porous surfaces.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1708 Y. S-P43a; KM-30; Cal-1160. 12.48 grams. Lightly toned AVF with clear date and assayer, most of pillars and cross (the latter off center) despite flatness all over.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1716 Y. S-P43a; KM-30; Cal-1168. 13.67 grams. Good full cross, full but somewhat flat pillars except for the choice top of the right-hand pillar, three assayers and two dates (re-punched 6 above waves), lightly toned AVF.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1724 Y, PCGS XF details / saltwater damage, ex-Pat Johnson, ex-Karon, ex-Sellschopp (all stated on label). S-P43a; KM-30; Cal-1176. 13.74 grams. Clear date between well-centered pillars, off-center cross, flat peripheries, deeply toned, somewhat patinated from burial but certainly not salvaged despite the PCGS limiter (note the full weight). Pedigreed to the Pat Johnson Collection, the Paul Karon Collection (Ponterio auction of March 1990, with original lot-tag 406), and the E.A. Sellschopp Collection (Swiss Bank Corp. auction of September 1988, lot 863). Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1741 P. S-P48; KM-30a; Cal-1199. 12.49 grams. Full but crude cross and pillars with bold denomination and date, chunky flan, toned AVF.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1742 C. S-P49; KM-30a; Cal-1202. 11.37 grams. Chunky flan with good full cross and pillars, bold date, three weak assayers that could be C/P (as maybe all are for this date), VF+ with surface porosity under light toning.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1752 q. S-P52; KM-39; Cal-406. 13.13 grams. Lustrous UNC (or nearly so) on a very chunky flan with good full cross, 100% complete left pillar, two dates and assayers.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1753 q. S-P52; KM-39; Cal-407. 13.73 grams. Full pillars and nearly full cross despite flat areas on a chunky flan, with two clear dates and assayers, high grade (AU with traces of toning and luster in crevices).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1758 q, PCGS VF35. S-P54; KM-39; Cal-415. 13.12 grams. Bold date and denomination, nearly full cross, all well centered on a chunky flan with crude peripheries, lightly toned with darker rainbow hues near edge. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1761 V-Y-V. S-P57; KM-44; Cal-905. 13.57 grams. Chunky AVF with nice toning all over, technically full pillars-and-waves, off-center cross, two dates and all three assayers.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 4 reales, 1764 V-(Y). S-P57; KM-44; Cal-908. 13.25 grams. Broad flan for the era but still rather chunky and with characteristic roughness on opposing sides (as made, including a couple small, natural voids), bold cross (slightly off center), two dates, richly toned VF+.

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, 1652 E, post-transitional, ex-Trastámara. S-P37a; KM-16; Cal-unl (Type 244). 6.79 grams. Broad, round flan with part of edge slightly bent, two bold full dates surrounding the full waves, most of pillars and cross despite peripheral flatness, AXF with light toning over very lightly corroded surfaces (probably from the Capitana of 1654). Pedigreed to the Trastámara Collection (Aureo & Calicó auction of May 2017, with original lot-tag 456).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, 1656 E, error denomination I above cross, rare, ex-Trastámara. S-P37a; KM-16; Cal-923. 5.77 grams. Broad flan with bold full pillars-and-waves (slightly off center) with denomination 2 at top (lightly tooled), complete POTOSI in legend, full cross with clear I at top, two dates, all three mintmarks and assayers, non-toned XF. Pedigreed to the Trastámara Collection (Aureo & Calicó auction of May 2017, with original lot-tag 461).

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, 1692 VR, NGC AU 55. S-P40; KM-24; Cal-425. 6.89 grams. Choice full cross-castles-lions, slightly off-center full pillars-and-waves, two dates, three mintmarks and assayers, richly toned all over, second finest in NGC census behind a single MS 63. Please use this link to verify the certification number

BOLIVIA, Potosí, cob 2 reales, 1726 Y, Louis I, PCGS F15, ex-August. S-P43b; KM-34; Cal-26; AMB-P2R-26. 6.08 grams. Strong full pillars-and-waves and cross with PR of king's ordinal visible in legend, two dates and assayers, three mintmarks, attractively toned with good contrast. Pedigreed to the Richard August Collection (stated on label). Please use this link to verify the certification number